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́, (. Prúnus armeniáca) ; (Rosaceae), . , , , , . (Prunus sibirica L.), , .
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. - [3][4][5][6][7]. , - [8]. , . (. De Poerderlé) XVIII : « , , »[9] XIX , , [10][6]. : . , I , I . ., - . , « » (. Mela armeniaca, . pomum armeniacum), , [6][11]. , , , [6].
XVII , , . «» [6].
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( ) . Arbor precox (« ») . praecoqua, «», « ». « », (« ») (« »).
1700 . Armeniaca. 1737 . Prunus foliis ovato-cordatis, , , . Malus armeniaca . Armeniaca malus[6].
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, .
. , . . 1977 [12] , . , 3000 . . ., , , , , , , , . , 1886 , , , . . , [6]. [8][13]. . . ( , ) V, VI VII International Symposium on Apricot Culture and Decline (1981, 1983), , 4- . . ( ), 1964 1967 .[14][15] , [8].
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. , 100 . 16 21 °. , 25 °, 30 °. ( ), .
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, ( (. өі /ʷøˈryk/) ( ), , , ). - .
() , (. Huille de marmotte). , [16].
, . ( ) . , . [17].
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, , . , . . , , -. , , .
(. Armeniaca dasycarpa Pers.).
(. Armeniaca sibirica Pers.), .
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4,7 27 % ( ), , . 0,8 %, 1,3 %.
, , . (10 %), , 1 , ( ) 16 %. , .
305 ( 56 ). - . , , . (2,1 %) , .
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( ) |
|
|---|---|
| 1965 | 1 362 |
| 1970 | 1 630 |
| 1975 | 1 546 |
| 1980 | 1 734 |
| 1985 | 2 029 |
| 1990 | 2 189 |
| 1995 | 2 104 |
| 2000 | 2 922 |
| 2005 | 3 551 |
| 2006 | 3 286 |
| 2007 | 3 368 |
| 2008 | 3 716 |
| 2009 | 3 728 |
| 15 ( ) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 1995 | 2005 | 2009 | |||
| 202 | 281 | 894 | 695 | |||
| 100 | 193 | 275 | 397 | |||
| / | 55 | 170 | 290 | |||
| 195 | 104 | 232 | 233 | |||
| 42 | 41 | 145 | 202 | |||
| 53 | 190 | 197 | 193 | |||
| 102 | 100 | 177 | 190 | |||
| 73 | 78 | 103 | 122 | |||
| / | 97 | 74 | 115 | |||
| / | / | 123 | 115 | |||
| 23 | 54 | 73 | 100 | |||
| 80 | 30 | 65 | 99 | |||
| 150 | 138 | 137 | 97 | |||
| / | 48 | 91 | 90 | |||
| 131 | 42 | 73 | 77 | |||
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- .
- . « APG» «».
- Apricot
- Andrew Dalby, Food in the ancient world from A to Z, p.20
- Kevin M. Folta, Genetics and Genomics of Rosaceae, Springer, 2009, p.316-317
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Faust et al., Origin and Dissemination of Apricot, in Horticultural Reviews (1998), p.242
- Mark Rieger, Introduction to Fruit Crops, p. 65
- 1 2 3 Daniel Zohary, Maria Hopf, Ehud Weiss, Domestication of Plants in the Old World, . 144
- De Poerderlé M. le Baron Manuel de l'Arboriste et du Forestier Belgiques: Seconde Édition: Tome Premier. à Bruxelles: Emmanuel Flon. P. 682. Downloadable Google Books:
Cet arbre tire son nom de lArménie, province dAsie, doù il est originaire et doù il fut porté en Europe
- // : 86 (82 . 4 .). ., 18901907.
- Jules Janick, James N. Moore, Fruit Breeding: Tree and tropical fruits, John Wiley and Sons, 1996, p.81:
Apricots apparently moved from central Asia through Iran into the Transcaucasian area and westward. Such movement must have occured as as a part of the military, economic, and cultural exchange that followed Alexandes of Macedons penetrations into Turkestanas far as the Fergana valley during the fourth century B.C. The further movement of apricots westward into Europe seems to have occured in two steps. Apricots came to be known in Greece and Italy as an aftermath of Roman-Persian wars during the first century B.C. The specific or generic name, Armeniaca, certainly suggests that the apricot was first distributed in Italy and Greece by Armenian traders. It was many years later that apricot was cultivated in other southern European countries.
- . . . «», , 1977
- . ., . ., (ARMENIACA VULGARIS LAM.) Takhtajania / , , 2011, 1, . 190191
- S.L. Agulian, M.B. Sanagian, E.S. Morikian, M.A. Avetisian, APRICOT SELECTION IN ARMENIA ISHS Acta Horticulturae 85: V and VI International Symposium on Apricot Culture and Decline
- E.S. Morikian, APRICOTS OF ARMENIA: ORIGIN AND CLASSIFICATION OF VARIETIES ISHS Acta Horticulturae 121: VII Symposium on Apricot Culture and Decline
- . . . // - : . / . . . , . . . .: . ., 1990. . 161. ISBN 5-06-000085-0
- . : - -, 1974.
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