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: Archaeopterygiformes
: Archaeopterygidae
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: A. lithographica
Archaeopteryx lithographica Meyer, 1861

wikispecies:

commons:

́ (. Archaeopteryx; . ρχαῖος  , πτέρυξ  )  , , . [1], 150147  . .

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1861 , 1861 . . , . Archaeopteryx A. lithographica.

(BMNH 37001, ).

1861 . 1863 , . . . 1877 .

(HMN 1880).

1876 1877 Blumenberg, . (Jakob Niemeyer) (Johann Dörr). 1884 (Wilhelm Dames). . , A. siemensii .

(S5).

. 1956 1958 , 1959 (Heller). 1970-. , . 1991 . , .

(TM 6428, ).

1855 , Pterodactylus crassipes 1875 , (John Ostrom) 1970-. , (). , .

(JM 2257).

1951 1955 Workerszell. (Peter Wellnhofer) 1974. . . , , .

(S6, Solnhofen-Aktien-Verein).

1991 . 1993. . . , , A. bavarica.

(BSP 1999).

1960- . 1988. (Bürgermeister-Müller Museum), . - (Compsognathus). Wellnhoferia grandis.

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, 1997. (Bürgermeister-Müller Museum).

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Pterodactylus crassipes . Archaeopteryx lithographica , . 1960 , A. lithographica [17]. A. lithographica [18].

. , , . . Archaeornis siemensii,   Jurapteryx recurva,   A. bavarica,   Wellnhoferia grandis.

( , , ( )  . .). , () . . , A. lithographica, A. siemensii, A. bavarica, Wellnhoferia grandis. 2007 A. siemensii [4].

1867 Sauriurae ( ) [19]. . XX Sauriurae (Enantiornithes) (Confuciusornithidae). Sauriurae , . Archaeopterygidae Archaeopterygiformes.

[]

, .
  • Pterodactylus crassipes Meyer, 1857
  • Rhamphorhynchus crassipes (Meyer, 1857) (as Pterodactylus (Rhamphorhynchus) crassipes)
  • Archaeopteryx lithographica Meyer, 1861 [nomen conservandum]
  • Scaphognathus crassipes (Meyer, 1857) Wagner, 1861
  • Griphosaurus problematicus Wagner, 1861 [nomen oblitum 1961 per ICZN Opinion 607]
  • Griphornis longicaudatus Woodward, 1862 [nomen oblitum 1961 per ICZN Opinion 607]
  • Griphosaurus longicaudatus (Owen, 1862) [nomen oblitum 1961 per ICZN Opinion 607]
  • Archaeopteryx macrura Owen, 1862 [nomen oblitum 1961 per ICZN Opinion 607]
  • Archeopteryx macrurus Owen, 1863
  • Archaeopteryx siemensii Dames, 1897
  • Archaeornis siemensii (Dames, 1897) Petronievics, 1917
  • Archaeopteryx oweni Petronievics, 1917 [nomen oblitum 1961 per ICZN Opinion 607]
  • Archaeopteryx crassipes (Meyer, 1857) Ostrom, 1972
  • Archaeopteryx recurva Howgate, 1984
  • Jurapteryx recurva (Howgate, 1984) Howgate, 1985
  • Archaeopteryx bavarica Wellnhofer, 1993
  • Wellnhoferia grandis Elżanowski, 2001

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:

   Coelurosauria 
    Tetanurae
     Maniraptoriformes
      Maniraptora
       Eumaniraptora
        Deinonychosauria (Dromaeosauridae + Troodontidae)
        Aves 
         Archaeopterygiformes
         Pygostylia

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  1. 1984 225210  , , , , , . . .
  2. Mäuser M. Der achte Archaeopteryx. Fossilien, 1997, v. 3, p. 156157
  3. 1 2 3 Mayr G, Pohl B & Peters DS. A well-preserved Archaeopteryx specimen with theropod features. Science, 2005, v. 310 p. 14831486
  4. 1 2 Mayr G. et al. The tenth specimen of Archaeopteryx. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, v. 149, p. 97-116
  5. Feduccia A. et al. Archaeopteryx 2007: Quo Vadis? The Auk, v. 124, p. 373380
  6. 1 2 3 4 Christensen P, Bonde N. (2004). Body plumage in Archaeopteryx: a review, and new evidence from the Berlin specimen. Comptes Rendus Palevol. 3: 99-118. PDF fulltext
  7. Longrich N. (2006): Structure and function of hindlimb feathers in Archaeopteryx lithographica. Paleobiology. 32(3): 417431. DOI:10.1666/04014.1 (HTML abstract)
  8. Elżanowski A. (2002): Archaeopterygidae (Upper Jurassic of Germany). In: Chiappe, L. M. & Witmer, L. M (eds.), Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs: 129159. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  9. 1 2 P. D. Alonso et al. The avian nature of the brain and inner ear of Archaeopteryx. Nature, 2004, v. 430, p. 666669
  10. Chiappe, Luis M. (2007). Glorified Dinosaurs. Sydney: UNSW Press, 118146. ISBN 0-471-24723-5.
  11. Davis, P.; and Briggs, D. (1998). « /The impact of decay and disarticulation on the preservation of fossil birds». Palaios 13 (1): 3-13.  (.)
  12. 1 2 3 Paul, Gregory S. (2002). Dinosaurs of the Air: The Evolution and Loss of Flight in Dinosaurs and Birds. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-6763-0.
  13. 1 2 Ostrom, J.H. (1976). «Archaeopteryx and the origin of birds». Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 8: 91-182.
  14. Archaeopteryx may have hunted at night. New Scientist.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Padian K., Chiappe L. The origin and early evolution of birds. Biol. Rev., 1998, v. 73, p. 1-42
  16. Senter, P. (2006). Scapular orientation in theropods and basal birds and the origin of flapping flight. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 51(2): 305313. PDF fulltext
  17. Swinton, W. E. Opinion 1084, Proposed addition of the generic name Archaeopteryx VON MEYER, 1861 and the specific name Lithographica, VON MEYER, 1861, as published in the binomen Archaeopteryx Lithographica to the official lists (Class Aves). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 1960, v. 17(6-8) p. 224226.
  18. ICZN. Opinion 607, Archaeopteryx VON MEYER, 1861 (Aves); Addition to the Official list. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 1961, v. 18(4), p. 260261
  19. Huxley, T. H. On the classification of birds and on the taxonomic value of the modifications of certain of the cranial bones observable in that class. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867, p. 415472.
  20. 1 2 Gauthier J. «Saurischian Monophyly and the origin of birds», in K. Padian: The Origin of Birds and the Evolution of Flight. 1986. Mem. California Acad. Sci 8, 1-55
  21. Chiappe L. The Closest Relatives of Birds. Ornitología Neotropical, 2004, v. 15, p. 101116
  22. Darwin C. R. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray 1866.
  23. 1 2 3 Hoyle, F.; Wickramasinghe, N.C.; and Watkins, R.S. (1985). «Archaeopteryx». British Journal of Photography 132: 693694.
  24. 1 2 3 Watkins, R.S.; Hoyle, F.; Wickrmasinghe, N.C.; Watkins, J.; Rabilizirov, R.; and Spetner, L.M. (1985). «Archaeopteryx - a photographic study». British Journal of Photography 132: 264266.
  25. 1 2 Watkins, R.S.; Hoyle, F.; Wickrmasinghe, N.C.; Watkins, J.; Rabilizirov, R.; and Spetner, L.M. (1985). «Archaeopteryx - a further comment». British Journal of Photography 132: 358359, 367.
  26. Watkins, R.S.; Hoyle, F.; Wickrmasinghe, N.C.; Watkins, J.; Rabilizirov, R.; and Spetner, L.M. (1985). «Archaeopteryx - more evidence». British Journal of Photography 132: 468470.
  27. 1 2 3 4 Charig, A.J.; Greenaway, F.; Milner, A.N.; Walker, C.A.; and Whybrow, P.J. (1986). «Archaeopteryx is not a forgery». Science 232: 622626.
  28. 1 2 Spetner, L.M.; Hoyle, F.; Wickramasinghe, N.C.; and Magaritz, M. (1988). «Archaeopteryx - more evidence for a forgery». The British Journal of Photography 135: 1417.
  29. 1 2 3 Nedin, Chris On Archaeopteryx, Astronomers, and Forgery (15  2007). 8 2012. 17 2007.

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  • . . . 3.  . .  .: , 1993.
  • . . . . , 2006, . 85 (№ 3), . 283297
  • Ostrom J. Archaeopteryx. Discovery, 1975, V. 11, p. 15-23.
  • de Beer, G.R. (1954). Archaeopteryx lithographica: a study based upon the British Museum specimen. Trustees of the British Museum, London.
  • Chambers, P. (2002). Bones of Contention: The Fossil that Shook Science. John Murray, London. ISBN 0-7195-6059-4.
  • Feduccia, A. (1996). The Origin and Evolution of Birds. Yale University Press, New Haven. ISBN 0-300-06460-8.
  • Heilmann, G. (1926). The Origin of Birds. Witherby, London.

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