GNU Free Documentation License . .

: ,

. Bakı
 dla baku.jpg
: 40°2159.96 . . 49°5006.66 . . / 40.366656° . . 49.835183° . . (G) (O) ()40°2159.96 . . 49°5006.66 . . / 40.366656° . . 49.835183° . . (G) (O) ()
11 [1][2][3]
[4]
V
2 130[1] ²
12
,
2 092 400[1]  (2011)
982,3[1] ./²
2 600 100[5]
, ,
UTC+4, UTC+5
+994 12
AZ1000
10 AZ 90 AZ
http://www.bakucity.az
 (.)  (.)  (.)
## ()
Red pog.png
## ()
Red pog.png

́ (. Bakı, - , [6][7].

2130 ²[1]. . , . 2 545,6 . [5]. 2009 [8][?]. 2010 (UNEP) . . 2010 , , () ()[9].

. . . باد كوبه bād kubeh  «»  « », , ,[10][11] «  ». , XVII .

V . , « » . . VIII , 730 , «-»[12]. , «», «», , «-»   « », , «» «», «», «»[13]. VIII «» , . , «»[14]. «-» , « » « ». , , .

IX , : , , , . , , ,   . « - -» - «». - 930 , .

. , , - () ,   ,   ,   [15]. .

, LandSat-5, 6 2010 .

, .


:
:
-

50px :

:

(BSk ʸ), , . - , . , . . 239 .

, °C 6 6 9 16 22 27 31 29 26 19 13 9 17,8
, °C 4,43 4,54 6,99 12,84 18,40 23,54 27,15 26,11 22,70 16,17 11,08 6,82 15,06
, °C 2 2 4 9 14 19 22 23 19 13 8 4 11,6
, 34 21 21 20 13 6 4 7 20 32 30 32 239
:
( 1977-1991 )
 , °C 10,9 10,6 16,0 21,4 26,5 29,5 32,7 31,9 29,5 25,3 19,0 14,5 32,7
, °C 6,3 6,1 8,2 13,4 18,7 23,4 26,1 26,3 23,7 18,4 13,0 8,6 16,0
, °C 1,2 1,0 2,8 7,5 12,8 17,2 21,4 18,0 17,7 11,1 8,0 4,7 1,0
:

:

, , - , ( )[17]. .

- , , , (« »), , , «»[2].

(Backow) . - 1562 () 1598 ().

IX . , , , . 1191 . I . XII . .

XIII [2]. . . , , . -   (XIV .) () , . I (14171462) . . .

1501 , . 1578 . 1607 . C XII , . . . .

. I . 26 1723 , , 1735 , .

Shirvanshah Palace pano01.JPG
, . XV

XVIII . 1796 , I .

14 1805 . , , 1806[2] , . , .

1918 .
. 1918 .

. . 1847 - [18][19]. 1859 . , , . , , , ,  . . 1878 . 8 1883 -[20]. 1899 , .   , , , , ( , )  . . , , . « »[21]. , , ( ) ; , , [10]. ( 1905 ., 1918 .) .

1901 1906 . , - [22][23].

, , .[24] « , , . , , , , , ,   , . . , .»[21]

3 1918 - , , (, -, , )  , - () [25]. , ., . 31 . 15 , , [26]. . , «» 1918 [27][28][29]. 17 . 31 , .

1920 11- , , . 27 , , 28 [30].

, , . 19411945 . , . , . . 80- , .

׸

: ׸

- 19881989 . [31] . 19881990 . , [32][33]. 19 20 1990 ., [34] . ׸ (. Qara Yanvar) (. Qanlı Yanvar). , , , [35][36][37][38]. 7- « » 18 1990 «?» [39][40]:

19- 20- - . : , , . ,   60 . , , ,   , ,   . , , , .   «, »

.

Hilton of Baku

, 20- , .

2030 . :

, . . , . , .

.

:

2009 2 046 . ( 2008 . 1 917 . ., 1999 . 1 788,9 ., 1989 . 1 794,9 ., 1979 . 1533,2 .[41]). 2006 [41]. 13 2009 2 246 . [42].

13,000 1860- 112,000 1897 215,000 1913, . , 1940- [43][44]. 1903 . ( ), 155,9 , 36,4 % ( ), 33,9 %  17 %  ; 20 [45]. , () « , »; « »;   , « , , ( [10].

1999 (90 %), (7 %), , , , , , [46].

:

, .

  • (. Azərbacan Musiqi Mədəniyyət Dövlət Muzeyi)
  • (. Rüstəm Mustafayev adına Azərbaycan dövlət incəsənət muzeyi)  , .
  • - (. Lətif Kərimov adına Azərbaycan dövlət xalçaçılıq və xalq tətbiqi sənəti muzeyi)  . 1967 .
  • (. Nizami Gəncəvi adına Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatı muzeyi)  .
  • (. Miniatur Kitab Muzeyi[48]
  • (. Azərbaycan tarixi Muzeyi  1920 .
  • (. Müasir incəsənət muzeyi) . 800 , .


  • (. Saray məscidi XV , .
  • ( ) (. Məhəmməd məscidiXI -.
  • - (. Bibiheybət məscidi , .
  • (. Cümə məscidi)  .
  • (. Təzəpir)  . 1905 - . , . 1914 .

  • - (. Müqəddəs Mürdaşıyan Zənənlər Başkilsəsi)  , -. 1909 . .  . .
  • (. Erməni Kilsəsi ,. Բաքվի Սուրբ Գրիգոր Լուսաորիչ եկեղեցի) .
  •   .
  • (. Bakirə Məryəmin Məsum Hamiləliyi şərəfinə kilsə . - . sui iuris .

,

. , - ( - ) .[57]

[58] , . , , , [59][60] ( , 91-109 . [61]).


, ( ), [62].

[63][64], , [65][66][67][68] , , , .

. , , , , , [69].

, ; XIX , 1936 , .[70]

  . , , , [71], [72], [72], [72], . [73][74][75], [76][77] .

:
SOCAR

  , . - , .[78]

:

  • --  , 90  .
  •   . 130  .
  • -  . - , 70  - .
« ».

20 1994 «», , « ». « » , . «», «», «» 400 4 [79][80][81][82][83][84][85].

[86]. :

:

, : AZAD Systems Co, , «», «-», «», «», , «» .

. [87]:

  . 15 2000 . , 18   . 30 , . , , . 15 , .   300  . 5.4  [88]. 1 2008 4021,759  ($4954,736 .)[89].

Park Bulvar

, :

  . , . .

(ICAO: UBBB IATA: GYD)  , . « ́», . 10 2004 , . 25 . -   (16/34)  2 700 (18/36)  3200 . «AZAL  »[92] Silk Way Airlines. , , - .[93]

  ,   .

 
:

    - ().   306 . 28 200 . , , . E60.[94]

Nabucco

:

(. Bakı metropoliteni)  , . 6 1967 . 6,5  5 : «» ( « »)  «26 » ( «»)  «28 » ( «28 »)  «»  « ». 81-717/714.   «». 22 ,   31,7 [99].

. , , , -, , , --, , , , , [100].     . .

:

1960 , . . .

, , . - :

  • (. Neftçi Peşəkar Futbol Klubu)
  • (. Bakı Futbol Klubu)
  • (. "İnter" Peşəkar İdman Klubu)
  • (. AZAL Peşəkar Futbol Klubu)

-

1978   [101].

[101]:

  -
  ()
 
  «»
 

-

, :[101]

:

50 4 .

:[114]

« ». 1898

  • ( )
  • , ( )
  • ... ( )
  • . ... ( )

Magnify-clip.png
Magnify-clip.png

.

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 . , 2011
  2. 1 2 3 4
  3. : -
  4. 1 2 ., . ( 2011)[1]
  5. . ,
  6. | «»
  7. : , 24 2010
  8. 1 2 3 , // : 86 (82 . 4 .)  ., 18901907.
  9. «», .
  10. . « ».
  11. . . « : ». . , , 2006.
  12. Iranica, Baku
  13. .. .. 27 2011.
  14. . . . , , 1983, № 1, .117
  15. . // «», 6.11.2005
  16. - -
  17. 1 2     .
  18. «» .
  19. "" - "", "".
  20. Tom Reiss.The Orientalist. Random House, 2005. P.9
  21. (1918)
  22. (19181920). . ( ).  , 1998, . 199200
  23. . . .
  24. Kazemzadeh, F. The Struggle For Transcaucasia: 19171921, The New York Philosophical Library, 1951, p. 143
  25. Tadeusz Swietochowski. Russian Azerbaijan, 19051920: The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community. Cambridge University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-521-52245-5, 9780521522458
  26. Michael P. Croissant. The Armenia-Azerbaijan conflict: causes and implications. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998. ISBN 0-275-96241-5, 9780275962418, 18
  27. «Pogrom» / Washington Post, Washington, D.C. (Jan 21, 1990)
  28. Yurchenko, Boris, «A crowd of Armenians and Russians who fled violence in the Azerbaijani capital of Baku register Thursday for relief at an emergency center in Moscow.» Free Press, Detroit (Jan 26,1990)
  29. Communal Violence and Human Rights
  30. «Azerbaijani Militants vowed a 'real guerrilla war' against Soviet forces»/ Wall Street Journal, Bowling Green (Jan 24, 1990)
  31. «Soviet troops clashed with Azerbaijanis blockading Bakus harbor»/ Wall Street Journal, Bowling Green (Jan 25, 1990)
  32. «A Soviet military commander said it might be possible to lift a curfew imposed after violent ethnic clashes in Azerbaijan, and expressed hope that troops could begin pulling out in about two weeks.»/ Wall Street Journal, Bowling Green (Feb 2, 1990)
  33. Wolf, Charles Jr., «Drawing a line from Tiananmen to Baku»/ Washington Times, Washington, D.C. (Mar 23, 1990)
  34. Estonia. Kultuuriministeerium,Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi nim. Eesti NSV Riiklik Raamatukogu. Eesti. Artiklite ja retsensioonide kroonika, 7-10
  35. , 1-13.
  36. 1 2 [2] .
  37. Audrey Altstadt, Conflict, Cleavage, and Change in Central Asia and the Caucasus, Cambridge University Press, 1997, p. 112, table 4.1, Ethnic composition of Baku, 1897, 1903,1913
  38. Azerbaijan  Russian Influences in the Nineteenth Century
  39. , .4, . «»
  40. 11218
  41. « » 
  42. « , 1) , , 15 ; 60 (.»
  43. Alakbarov, Farid (Summer 2003), «Observations from the Ancients», Azerbaijan International 11 (2):"«according to historical sources, before the construction of the Indian Temple of Fire (Atashgah) in Surakhani at the end of the 17th century, the local people also worshiped at this site because of the 'seven holes with burning flame'.»«
  44. The Indian diaspora in Central Asia and its trade, 15501900 » George Forster On the 31st of March, I visited the Atashghah, or place of fire; and on making myself known to the Hindoo mendicants, who resided there, I was received among these sons of Brihma as a brother; an appellation they used on perceiving that I had acquired some knowledge of their mythology, and had visited their most sacred places of worship "
  45. Ervad Shams-Ul-Ulama Dr. Sir Jivanji Jamshedji Modi, Translated by Soli Dastur (1926), My Travels Outside Bombay: Iran, Azerbaijan, BakuFarroukh Isfandzadeh Not just me but any Parsee who is a little familiar with our Hindu brethrens religion, their temples and their customs, after examining this building with its inscriptions, architecture, etc., would conclude that this is not a Parsee Atash Kadeh but is a Hindu Temple informed me that some 40 years ago, the Russian Czar, Alexander III, visited this place with a desire to witness the Hindu Brahmin Fire ritual gathered a few Brahmins still living here and they performed the fire ritual in this room in front of the Czar I asked for a tall ladder and with trepidation I climbed to the top of the building and examined the foundation stone which was inscribed in the Nagrik [or Nagari] script the installation date is mentioned as the Hindu Vikramaajeet calendar year 1866 (equivalent to 1810 A. D.) "
  46. Euronews. : « »
  47. guardian.co.uk. Tajikistan aims to capture tallest flagpole record
  48. 1 2 3
  49. +
  50. . .6. ., 2003. .707
  51. ( -), XIV , . . . .6. ., 2003. .707
  52. . , 5, 12
  53. , , 6, 39
  54. . . .
  55. . . . . , № I, . 1937, . 129148
  56. Paulys Real-Encyclopadie der Classishenen altertums nissenshaft. Erster Band. Stuttgart 1894". p. 1303
  57. Encyclopedia Iranica. Armenia And Iran.
  58. - . .
  59. 24
  60. 10.2 An Overview  Baku: City that Oil Built  by Farid Alakbarov
  61. 1 2 3 ""
  62. APA  «» 
  63. «» «»      REGNUM
  64. ,
  65. http://www.nexus.az/ru/inteld.php
  66. V E S T I . A Z 
  67. .
  68. Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prezidenti
  69. http://www.azerbaijan.az/_Economy/_OilStrategy/oilStrategy_04_r.html
  70. CEO
  71. . / / « »   "
  72. Trend  , , ,   , ,
  73. ::::::  ::::::
  74. -- | |
  75. Abdullayev, Rovshan Which foreign banks has Azerbaijan capital been trusted in?  (.). 20 2011.
  76. «AK&M»
  77. Cbonds
  78. Media Press
  79. KFC
  80.   ,
  81. . .
  82. . Ru
  83. /  /
  84. : , 23 2010
  85. 2010/2011 .
  86. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
  87. -
  88. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 «»-№ 29-25.07.2008-
  89. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (19461990 .)
  90. -
  91. İZMİR YG-21  İzmir Kardeş Şehirler
  92. Baku
  93. -
  94. Sister Cities: Baku and Houston
  95. Sister Cities
  96. Houston-Baku Sister City Association
  97. - ()
  98. ,
  99. , Brian C. Collins Historical dictionary of Azerbaijan  USA: Scarecrow Press, 1999. . 119120. 145 . ISBN 0810835509.
  100. . « »
  101. . « »

Coat of arms of Azerbaijan.svg :
1 | | | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | ø | | ø | | | | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | | | | 1 | | 1 | | | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1 | | 1 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | 1 |
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg
1 - .
:
,

2009
:
'