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́ (. John Bardeen, 23 1908, , , 30 1991, , , ) , , : 1956 . 1972 . . --, -.
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15 , . , . 1923 .
1928 . , 5 , . . . , , , .
, , Gulf Research Laboratories Gulf Oil . , .
, ( .-. ) . 1936 . - , .
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1938 . .
. . . , . , , 1945 . .
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1945 . . . -, . , . . 23- 1947 , ( ) .
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, . 1972 .
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- Hoddeson, Lillian and Vicki Daitch. True Genius: the Life and Science of John Bardeen. National Academy Press, 2002. (ISBN 0-309-08408-3)
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- Nobel-Winners.com (.)
- IEEE (.)
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| 19511975 | |
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| (19011925) | (19261950) | (19511975) | (19762000) | (20012025) |

