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Áðàéñ, Êâåíòèí

Ìàòåðèàë èç Ýíöèêëîïåäèè â ñâîáîäíîé ýíöèêëîïåäèè
(ïåðåíàïðàâëåíî ñ «Áðþñ, Êâåíòèí»)
Ïåðåéòè ê: íàâèãàöèÿ, ïîèñê
Êâåíòèí Ýëèñ Ëóèçà Áðàéñ
Quentin Alice Louise Bryce
Êâåíòèí Ýëèñ Ëóèçà Áðàéñ
Ôëàã
25-é ãåíåðàë-ãóáåðíàòîð Àâñòðàëèè
5 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2008
Ìîíàðõ: Åëèçàâåòà II
Ïðåäøåñòâåííèê: Ìàéêë Äæåôôåðè
 
Ðîæäåíèå: 23 äåêàáðÿ 1942(1942-12-23) (69 ëåò)
Ëîíãðè÷, Àâñòðàëèÿ
 
Íàãðàäû:
Êîìïàíüîí îðäåíà Àâñòðàëèè
Îðäåí Ñâ. Äæîíà
Àâñòðàëèéñêàÿ Ñïîðòèâíàÿ Ìåäàëü Ãîñóäàðñòâåííàÿ «ìåäàëü âåêà» Àâñòðàëèè

Êâåíòèí Ýëèñ Ëóèçà Áðàéñ, àíãë. Quentin Alice Louise Bryce (ðîä. 23 äåêàáðÿ 1942, Ëîíãðè÷, Êâèíñëåíä, Àâñòðàëèÿ) â àâñòðàëèéñêèé þðèñò, ãóáåðíàòîð Êâèíñëåíäà ñ 29 èþëÿ 2003 ïî 29 èþëÿ 2008 ã., ãåíåðàë-ãóáåðíàòîð Àâñòðàëèè ñ 5 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2008 ãîäà.

Ðàáîòàëà â ðàçëè÷íûõ êîìèòåòàõ ïî ïðàâàì ÷åëîâåêà, ïðîòèâ æåíñêîé äèñêðèìèíàöèè.  2003 ãîäó ñòàëà âòîðîé æåíùèíîé â ãóáåðíàòîðîì Êâèíñëåíäà, ñìåíèâ ãåíåðàë-ìàéîðà Ïèòåðà Àðíèñîíà. 13 àïðåëÿ 2008 ãîäà ïðåìüåð-ìèíèñòð Àâñòðàëèè Êåâèí Ðàää çàÿâèë, ÷òî Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ íàçíà÷åíà ãåíåðàë-ãóáåðíàòîðîì Àâñòðàëèè. Îíà ñìåíèëà 5 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2008 ãîäà äåéñòâóþùåãî ãåíåðàë-ãóáåðíàòîðà Ìàéêëà Äæåôôåðè è ñòàëà ïåðâîé æåíùèíîé íà ýòîì ïîñòó.

Ñîäåðæàíèå

[ïðàâèòü] Þíîñòü

Êâåíòèí Ñòðå÷åí ðîäèëàñü 23 äåêàáðÿ 1942 â Áðèñáåíå è áûëà âòîðîé èç ÷åòûðåõ äî÷åðåé ñâîåãî îòöà.[1] Ðîäèòåëè Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ Íîðìàí Ñòðå÷åí è Íàéäà Âàéòçåë ïîæåíèëèñü â 1940 ãîäó. Åå îòåö ðàáîòàë ìåíåäæåðîì. Åå ìàòü ðàáîòàëà ó÷èòåëüíèöåé äî áðàêà ñî Ñòðå÷åíîì, à ïîçæå ñòàëà ðàáîòàòü íà äîìó ðåïåòèðîì.[2] Åå ñåìüÿ ïåðååõàëà â 1949 ãîäó, â Ëàóí÷åñòîí øòàò Òàñìàíèÿ. Âåðíóâøèñü â Êâèíñëåíä îíè ïîñåëèëèñü â ãîðîäå Áåëìîíò, ãäå åå îòåö óñòðîèëñÿ new wool-scour. Êâåíòèí æèâÿ â Áåëìîíòå ðåøèëà ïîñòóïèòü â Camp Hill State School, ãäå îíà âñòðåòèëà ïåðâîãî ìóæà Ìàéêëà Áðàéñà.[3]

Ïðîæèâàÿ â Áåëìîíòå, åå îòåö ïðèîáðåë ñîáñòâåííîñòü âáëèçè ãîðîäà Òåíòåðôèëä â øòàòå Íîâûé Þæíûé Óýëüñ. â 1956 ãîäó Êâåíòèí Ñòðå÷åí ïîñòóïèëà â Moreton Bay College, Êâèíñëåíä, íåäàëåêî îò Áðèñáåíà[4] ïîêà åå ðîäèòåëè managed âa couple of stations out westâ.[3] Îáó÷àÿñü â Óíèâåðñèòåòå Êâèíñëåíäà Êâåíòèí çàíèìàëàñü åùå è ñîöèàëüíîé ðàáîòîé. Íà òðåòüåì ãîäó îáó÷åíèÿ îíà ïåðåâåëàñü â èíñòèòóò.[4] Ó÷àñü â óíèâåðñèòåòå îíà ó÷èëàñü òàêæå è â Bachelor of Arts ñ 1962 ïî 1965 ãîäû.[5][6]  1964 ãîäó îíà âûøëà çàìóæ çà Ìàéêëà Áðàéñà.  1965 ãîäó îíà ñòàëà ïåðâîé æåíùèíîé êîòîðàÿ áûëà ïðèíÿòà â Ñîâåò óíèâåðñèòåòà[7] õîòÿ îíà íå èìåëà ïðîôåññèîíàëüíîé ïðàêòèêè.[3]

[ïðàâèòü] Êàðüåðà

Ïîñëå ïîåçäêè â Ëîíäîí, Áðàéñ âåðíóëàñü â Àâñòðàëèþ è ðåøèëà ÷àñòü âðåìåíè ïîñâÿòèòü äîìàøíåìó ïðåïîäàâàíèþ îäíîâðåìåííî ðàáîòàÿ â T. C. Beirne øêîëå ïðàâà Óíèâåðñèòåòà Êâèíñëåíäà â 1968 ãîäó, è ñòàëà ïåðâîé æåíùèíîé ïðèíÿòîé íà ôàêóëüòåò.[8]  1969 ãîäó îíà òàêæå âåëà ëåêöèè ïî ïðàâó,[9] Êâåíòèí ïðåïîäàâàëà â óíèâåðñèòåòå äî 1983 ãîäà.[3]

 1978 ãîäó ïðàâèòåëüñòâî Ôðåéçåðà ñîçäàëî íàöèîíàëüíûé æåíñêèé êîíñóëüòàòèâíûé ñîâåò, ãäå Áðàéñ áûëà âvaulted to prominenceâ ñ åå íàçíà÷åíèåì ñîâåòíèêîì,[3] taking on the role of convener â 1982 ãîäó.[9]  1984 ãîäó Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ ñòàëà ïåðâûì äèðåêòîðîì æåíñêîãî èíôîðìàöèîííîãî öåíòðà â øòàòå Êâèíñëåíä [10] è áûëà íàçíà÷åíà æåíñêèì ïðåäñòàâèòåëåì â êîìèòåò ïî äèñêðèìèíàöèè ïðàâ ñëóæàùèõ.[9] Çàòåì îíà ñòàëà ïåðâûì äèðåêòîðîì Àâñòðàëèéñêîé êîìèññèè ïî ïðàâàì ÷åëîâåêà â øòàòå Êâèíñëåíä (HREOC).[10]

 òå÷åíèå ïÿòèëåòíåãî ïåðèîäà (1988â1993) Áðàéñ ðàáîòàëà ãëàâîé êîìèññèè ïî ñåêñóàëüíûì äîìîãàòåëüñòâàì â ïðàâèòåëüñòâå Õîóêà.[11] Âî âðåìÿ åå ðàáîòû â ýòîì êîìèòåòå ê íåé îáðàùàëèñü çà ïîìîùüþ îêîëî 2000 ÷åëîâåê êàæäûé ãîä.[12] Ýòîò ïåðèîä èçâåñòåí òàêæå áîðüáîé çà ïðàâà æåíùèí ïðîèñõîäÿùèì íà çàêîíîäàòåëüíîì óðîâíå, Ñàíäðà ÌàêËåàí ïèñàëà ïðî ýòî, Áðàéñ àêòèâíî ðàáîòàëà íà çàêîíîäàòåëüíîì óðîâíå òå÷åíèè ýòîãî âðåìåíè.[11]  1990 ãîäó Alexander Proudfoot ñîçäàë æåíñêèé öåíòð â øòàòå Àâñòðàëèéñêàÿ ñòîëè÷íàÿ òåððèòîðèÿ â äåÿòåëüíîñòü êîòîðîãî âõîäèëà áîðüáà ñ ñåêñóàëüíîé äèñêðèìèíàöèåé â Àâñòðàëèè.[10] Ýòî äîñòèãëî ïèêà â 1994 ãîäó êîãäà Áðàéñ âîçãëàâëÿâøàÿ HREOC ïåðåñòàëà êðèòèêîâàòü ðàáîòó Proudfoot.[13]

Çàêîí÷èâ ðàáîòó â êîìèññèè ïî ñåêñóàëüíîé äèñêðèìèíàöèè, Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ ïåðåøëà íà ðàáîòó Íàöèîíàëüíûé äåòñêèé àêêðåäèòàöèîííûé ñîâåò, ãäå ïðîðàáîòàëà òðè ãîäà,[10] ñ 1997 ïî 2003 ãîäû îíà ðàáîòàëà èñïîëíèòåëüíûì îôèöåðîì â Óíèâåðñèòåòå Ñèäíåÿ, Íîâûé Þæíûé Óýëüñ.

Áðàéñ òàêæå áûëà ïðåäñåäàòåëåì ñîâåòà ïî áîðüáå ñ ðàêîì ãðóäè è ñîñòîÿëà â æåíñêîé ñáîðíîé ïî êðèêåòó, áûëà îäíîé èç îðãàíèçàòîðîâ World YWCA, Australian Children's Television Foundation è ÷ëåíîì àññîöèàöèè ïîìîùè äåòÿì íóæäàþùèìñÿ â ëå÷åíèè.

[ïðàâèòü] Ãóáåðíàòîð Êâèíñëåíäà

 2003 ãîäó ïî ðåêîìåíäàöèè Ïðåìüåð-ìèíèñòðà Êâèíñëåíäà Ïèòåðà Áèòòè, Åëèçàâåòà II íàçíà÷èëà Áðàéñ Ãóáåðíàòîðîì Êâèíñëåíäà, è Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ ñòàëà âòîðîé æåíùèíîé íà ýòîì ïîñòó .[10] Ïîñëå íàçíà÷åíèÿ Áðàéñ, Áèòòè îòêðûë äåáàòû ïî ñîçäàíèþ Queensland Legislative Assembly ÷òî ñòàëî ïåðâûì øàãîì â ñìåíå ìåòîäîâ ðóêîâîäñòâà.[11] Áåç ñîìíåíèÿ Áèòòè áûë îñíîâíûì ðóêîâîäèòåëåì Queensland Legislative Assembly ÷òî ïðèâëåêëî äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ãîëîñà çà Íàöèîíàëüíóþ ïàðòèþ è Ëèáåðàëüíóþ ïàðòèþ êîòîðûå áûëè ëèäåðàìè â òåëåäåáàòàõ.[10]

Áðàéñ âî âðåìÿ ñâîåãî ãóáåðíàòîðñòâà íå âñãäà áûëà ìèðîëþáèâà, íî îíà ïðèíèìàëà âî âíèìàíèå âhighly respected figureâ â òå÷åíèå âñåãî ñðîêà íà ïîñòó ãóáåðíàòîðà Êâèíñëåíäà.[14] Concerns raised in the media included the âsubstantialâ. Ðàáîòàÿ â Ãóáåðíàòîðñêîì äâîðöå Áðàéñ óñïåâàëà áûòü Ãóáåðíàòîðîì, ãëàâîé ïðàâèòåëüñòâà Êâèíñëåíäà, ðóêîâîäèòåëåì àäìèíèñòðàöèè è ñàäîâíèêîì â òå÷åíèå âñåãî ñðîêà),[15]è èñïîëüçîâàëà äîì ïðàâèòåëüñòâà äëÿ ëè÷íûõ íóæä.[16] Ïîçæå Áèòòè ñîãëàñèëñÿ ÷òî áûë íå ïðàâ èñïîëíÿÿ ÷àñòíûå ôóíêöèè â Ãóáåðíàòîðñêîì äâîðöå, especially â òî âðåìÿ êàê Áðàéñ äåðæàëà ñîáûòèÿ â ñâîåì ñîáñòâåííîì êàðìàíå,[16] while the Queensland Public Sector Union stated in 2008 that the staff disputes were âwith the management as a whole, but there wasnâ™t anything specific against the Governorâ.[17] Áîëüøèíñòâî ÷ëåíîâ ïðàâèòåëüñòâà Êâèíñëåíäà áûëî íå â âîñòîðãå îò ïðîâîäèìîé Áðàéñ ïîëèòèêè íà ïîñòó Ãóáåðíàòîðà. [18] Âîò êàê ÷ëåí ïðàâèòåëüñòâà îïèñàë Áðàéñ:

« "She's a control freak. She's all sweet and understanding in public, but in private it was a whole different ball game."[18] »

 ÿíâàðå 2008 ãîäà îáúÿâëåííûé åþ ïÿòèëåòíèé ñðîê çàêîí÷èëñÿ â èþëå 2008 ãîäà.[19] Ïðåìüåð-ìèíèñòð Ðàáî÷åé ïàðòèè Àííà Áëèã îïèñàëà Áðàéñ êàê ââäîõíîâëÿþùåãî ëèäåðàâ âî âðåìÿ íàõîæäåíèÿ íà ïîñòó Ãóáåðíàòîðà, è óçíàëà Áðàéñ ïî ðàáîòå, åå âáîëüøèå äåëàâ íà ðåãèîíàëüíîì óðîâíå, ðàáîòó âÃóáåðíàòîðîì âñåãî Êâèíñëåíäàâ.[20] Ãóáåðíàòîðîì Êâèíñëåíäà 29 èþëÿ 2008 áûëà íàçíà÷åíà Ïåíåëîïà Óèíñëè.[21]

[ïðàâèòü] Ãåíåðàë-Ãóáåðíàòîð Àâñòðàëèè

Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ ïîñëå èíòåðâüþ â Äåíü Àâñòðàëèè íà öåðåìîíèè â Êàíáåððå 26 ÿíâàðÿ 2010

13 àïðåëÿ 2008 ãîäà, ïî ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïðåìüåð-ìèíèñòðà Àâñòðàëèè Êåâèíà Ðàääà, êîðîëåâà Åëèçàâåòà II íàçíà÷èëà Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ Ãóáåðíàòîðîì Àâñòðàëèè.[22] Êåâèí Ðàää ïîääåðæàë íàçíà÷åíèå Áðàéñ, òàêæå ëèäåð îïïîçèöèè, Áðåíäàí Íåëüñîí, è ëèäåð ïàðòèè çåëåíûõ Áîá Áðàóí, âûñêàçàëèñü ïîëîæèòåëüíî î íàçíà÷åíèè Áðàéñ.[23] Æóðíàëèñòêà, Ïàòðèñèÿ Ýäãàð îïèñàëà íàçíà÷åíèå Áðàéñ êàê âäîõíîâëåííûé âûáîð»,[24] Æóðíàëèñò Äæèëë Ñèíãåð â ãàçåòå Herald Sun íàïèñàë íàçíà÷åíèå Áðàéñ ãóáåðíàòîðîì îïðåäåëèëî ëèöî âñåé Àâñòðàëèè".[25]

Ñ åå íàçíà÷åíèåì áûë íå ñîãëàñåí Des Houghton, êîòîðûé ñîãëàøàëñÿ ÷òî «fair bit of baggage» Áðàéñ õîðîøî ñåáÿ çàðåêîìåíäîâàëà íà ïîñòó Ãóáåðíàòîðà Êâèíñëåíäà, íî îíà íå âûïîëíèëà âñå ÷òî îáåùàëà íà ýòîì ïîñòó.[26] Êâåíòèí Áðàéñ òàêæå ðåøèëà ñìåíèòü Ìàëüêîëüìà Õýçåëà, êîòîðûé áûë îôèöèàëüíûì ñåêðåòàðåì Ãåíåðàë-Ãóáåðíàòîðà Ìàéêëà Äæåôôåðè. Êåâèí Ðàää ïðåäëîæèë Áðàéñ ñâîå ðåøåíèå, ñîãëàñèâøèñü ñ åå ðåøåíèåì ñìåíèòü ñåêðåòàðÿ.[27]

Áðàéñ ïðîèçíåñëà îôèöèàëüíóþ êëÿòâó 5 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2008. 23 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2008 îíà äàëà ñâîå ïåðâîå èíòåðâüþ êàê Ãóáåðíàòîð Àâñòðàëèè Êåððè O'Áðàéåíó The 7.30 Report ïî êàíàëó ABC1.[28]

[ïðàâèòü] Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ

  1. â‘ Condon (10 May 2008), p. 14. Âî âñåõ äîêóìåíòàõ Êâåíòèí óêàçûâàåò ìåñòîì ñâîåãî ðîæäåíèÿ Ëîíãðè÷ â Êâèíñëåíäå. Ñòàðøàÿ ñåñòðà Êâåíòèí óìåðëà. Êâåíòèí ïèøåò ÷òî ïîñëå åå ðîæäåíèÿ ñåìüÿ ïåðååõàëà â Áðèñáåí ."
  2. â‘ Condon (10 May 2008), p. Êâåíòèí è åå ñåñòðû ó÷èëèñü â ìåñòíîé øêîëå õîðîøî áëàãîäàðÿ ìàòåðè êîòîðàÿ çàíèìàëàñü ñ íèìè äîìà. Êâåíòèí ñêàçàëà â ß íå çíàþ ïî÷åìó îíà ðåøèëà ïðåïîäàâàòü íà äîìó.' . ' Ìîæåò áûòü îíà ðåøèëà ïîñâÿòèòü æèçíü ìîåé êàðüåðå. Ýòî áûëî ëó÷øèì äëÿ ìåíÿ.'«
  3. â‘ 1 2 3 4 5 Condon (10 May 2008), p. 14.
  4. â‘ 1 2 Murphy, Snow & Dick (19 April 2008), p. 27.
  5. â‘ Ms Quentin Bryce, AC: 24th Governor of Queensland (pdf). Government House Queensland. Àðõèâèðîâàíî èç ïåðâîèñòî÷íèêà 12 ìàðòà 2012. Ïðîâåðåíî 14 àïðåëÿ 2008.
  6. â‘ Quentin Bryce, Queensland Governor. University of Queensland alumni. University of Queensland. Àðõèâèðîâàíî èç ïåðâîèñòî÷íèêà 12 ìàðòà 2012. Ïðîâåðåíî 14 àïðåëÿ 2008.
  7. â‘ Condon (10 May 2008) quotes Naida Haxton, who places Bryce as the seventh woman to be admitted to the Queensland bar. This is supported by other sources, (such as The Supreme Court of Queensland Library) which place Katharine McGregor as the first woman admitted. Nevertheless, some commentators â for example Murphy (2008) and Barrowclough (2008) â have stated that Bryce was the first to be appointed.
  8. â‘ Condon (10 May 2008) once again quotes Naida Haxton, who clarifies that Bryce was the first woman on staff, but that Haxton was the first woman to teach in the faculty, having lectured prior to Bryceâ™s appointment, but not as a faculty member.
  9. â‘ 1 2 3 Wright (11 March 2003), p. 13.
  10. â‘ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Murphy (14 April 2008)
  11. â‘ 1 2 3 McLean (15 March 2003), p. 31.
  12. â‘ Summers (6 August 2001), p. 10.
  13. â‘ Williams (14 April 2008), p. 4.
  14. â‘ Schubert (14 April 2008), p. 1.
  15. â‘ Barrowclough (5 September 2008)
  16. â‘ 1 2 âPartying OK says Beattieâ (16 April 2005), p. 17.
  17. â‘ Elks (15 April 2008), p. 3.
  18. â‘ 1 2 Australiaâ™s first female governor general is sworn in â Times Online
  19. â‘ Springborg backs Bryce term extension (28 January 2008)
  20. â‘ Giles (27 January 2008), p. 3.
  21. â‘ Binne (29 July 2008)
  22. â‘ Announcement of the appointment of a new Governor-General of Australia. Buckingham Palace. Àðõèâèðîâàíî èç ïåðâîèñòî÷íèêà 12 ìàðòà 2012. Ïðîâåðåíî 14 àïðåëÿ 2008.
  23. â‘ Cooke (14 April 2008), p. 5.
  24. â‘ Edgar (19 April 2008), p. 53.
  25. â‘ Singer (15 April 2008), p. 19.
  26. â‘ Houghton (19 April 2008), p. 12.
  27. â‘ Shanahan (26 August 2008), p. 12.
  28. â‘ Oâ™Brien (2008)
Ïðåäøåñòâåííèê:
Ïèòåð Àðíèñîí
Ãóáåðíàòîð Êâèíñëåíäà
20032008
Ïðååìíèê:
Ïåíåëîïà Óèíñëè
Ïðåäøåñòâåííèê:
Ìàéêë Äæåôôåðè
Ãåíåðàë-ãóáåðíàòîð Àâñòðàëèè
2008
Ïðååìíèê:
íûíå â äîëæíîñòè
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