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Vasco da Gama
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24  1524(1524-12-24)

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  1. Modern History Sourcebook: Vasco da Gama: Round Africa to India, 1497-1498 CE, fordham.edu, Retrieved June 27, 2007
  2. Catholic Encyclopedia: Vasco da Gama Retrieved June 27, 2007
  3. Subrahmanyam, 1997, p. 61
  4. Articles from the Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th Edition (1875) and 10th Edition (1902), Vasco-da-gama
  5. Subrahmanyam, 1997, p. 63
  6. Ames, Glenn J. (2004). Vasco da Gama: Renaissance Crusader. Longman. ISBN 0-321-09282-1
  7. James Bruce, Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile (1805 edition), vol. 3, p. 135
  8. Alchin KL, from Elizabethan Era Bartholomeu Dias. 3 2012. 2 2010.
  9. Diffie, Bailey W.; Winius, George D. (1977). Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1850. Europe and the World in the Age of Expansion. 1. p. 177. ISBN 978-0-8166-0850-8
  10. Pathfinders: Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe (2006). Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration, 2006, W. W. Norton & Company, isbn= 0-393-06259-7, pages= 177178
  11. Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe (2006). Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 177178. ISBN 0-393-06259-7
  12. Zahoor, Akram (2000). Muslim History: 570-1950 C.E.. Gaithersburg, MD: AZP (ZMD Corporation). p. 79. ISBN 978-0-9702389-0-0
  13. Vasco da Gamma Seeks Sea Route to India, Oldnewspublishing.com. Retrieved 8 July 2006
  14. . . , ., 1957. 230 .
  15. Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe (2006). Pathfinders: A Global History of Exploration. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 178179. ISBN 0-393-06259-7.
  16. Castaneda, Herman Lopes de, The First Book of the Historie of the Discoveries and Conquests of the East India by the Portingals, London, 1582, in Kerr, Robert (ed.) A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels Vol. II, London, 1811.
  17. M.G.S. Narayanan, Calicut: The City of Truth (2006) Calicut University Publications (The incident is mentioned by Camoes in The Lusiads, wherein it is stated that the Zamorin «showed no signs of treachery» and that «on the other hand, Gamas conduct in carrying off the five men he had entrapped on board his ships is indefensible.»)
  18. Subrahmanyam, 1997, p. 62
  19. Subrahmanyam, 1997, p. 168
  20. Subrahmanyam, 1997, p. 205
  21. Vasco da Gama Arrives in India 1498 (Google cached version) Dana Thompson, Felicity Ruiz, Michelle Mejiak; December 15, 1998. Retrieved 8 July 2006
  22. Subrahmanyam, 1997, p. 304
  23. See also Diogo do Couto (Decadas de Asia, Dec. IV, Lib. 8, c.2); Teixeira de Aragão p.15-16, and Castanhoso (1898: p.viiff.)

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  • Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. The Career and Legend of Vasco da Gama.  USA: Cambridge University Press., 1997.  428 p.  ISBN 978-0521470728
  • . . . ., 2000.- 152 .

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