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Ganja street.jpg
: 40°4058 . . 46°2138 . . / 40.682778° . . 46.360556° . . (G) (O) ()40°4058 . . 46°2138 . . / 40.682778° . . 46.360556° . . (G) (O) ()
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  1. . .  (.)  (.)  (.)
  2. C. Edmund Bosworth GANJA  (.). Iranica (December 15, 2000). 23 2011. 5 2010.

    The post-Mongol historian amd-Allāh Mostawfī says that the Arab town of Ganja was founded in 39/659-60 (i.e., at the time of the first Arab incursions into eastern Transcaucasia) but gives no details (Nozhat al-qolūb, p. 91, tr. p. 93).

  3.   (J. Marquart, Osteuropäische und ostasiatische Streifzüge, Leipzig, 1903, . 462)
  4. C. Edmund Bosworth GANJA  (.). Iranica (December 15, 2000). 23 2011. 5 2010.

    Moammad b. Ḵāleds role as founder (or rather, as re-founder, see below) of Ganja is confirmed by the Armenian historian Movsēs Dasxurancʿi, where he says that the son of Xazr (for Xald, as explained by Marquart, p. 462) Patgos built Ganjak in the canton of Aršakašēn, with the date given in one manuscript as Armenian era 295/846-47 (bk. 3, ch. 20, tr. Dowsett, p. 218).

  5. C. Edmund Bosworth GANJA  (.). Iranica (December 15, 2000). 23 2011. 5 2010.

    The Persian name Ganja/Ganza (<ganj treasure, treasury; see MacKenzie, p. 35) points, however, to there having existed a much older, pre-Islamic town there.

  6. C. Edmund Bosworth GANJA  (.). Iranica (December 15, 2000). 23 2011. 5 2010.
  7. Charles Ambrose Storey. Poetry of the Pre-Mongol Period / François de Blois.  2nd revised edition.  RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.  Vol. V.  P. 363.  544 p.  (Persian Literature - A Biobibliographical Survey).  ISBN 0947593470

    «Nizami Ganjai, whose personal name was Ilyas, is the most celebrated native poet of the Persians after Firdausi. His nisbah designates him as a native of Ganja (Elizavetpol, Kirovabad) in Azerbaijan, then still a country with an Iranian population .»

  8. :
    • , «Neāmī»: «Neāmī  Persian poet  greatest romantic epic poet in Persian literature, who brought a colloquial and realistic style to the Persian epic.»
    • (), Nisami: «Nisami, Nezami, eigentlich Abu Mohammed Iljas Ibn Jusuf, persischer Dichter, * vermutlich Gäncä (Aserbaidschan) 1141»
    • (): «Ilyas ibn Yusuf Nezami ou Ilyas ibn Yusuf Nizami  Poète persan (Gandja, vers 1140-Gandja, vers 1209)»
    • (), «PERSIAN LITERATURE»: «Neāmis Five Treasures (Panj ganj). Eliās Abu Mo-ammad Neāmi of Ganja was born around 1141 of a Kurdish mother and a father named Yusof»
    • Chelkowski, P. «Nizami Gandjawi, jamal al-Din Abu Muhammad Ilyas b. Yusuf b. Zaki Muayyad . Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. Excerpt one: Nizami Gandjawi, Djamal al-Din Abu Muhammad Ilyas b. Yusuf b. Zaki Muʾayyad, one of the greatest Persian poets and thinkers.
    • Encyclopedia of Literary Translation Into English, Taylor & Francis, 2000, ISBN 1-884964-36-2, . 1005: Nizami 0.1141-0.1209 Persian poet
    • Persian Literature: A Bio-Bibliographical Survey, C.A. Storey, Francois De Blois(Professor School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London), Routledge, 2004, ISBN 0-947593-47-0, . 408: Memoir of the life and writings of the Persian poet Nizami
    • The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia, Ulrich Marzolph (Akademie der Wissenschaften, Göttingen), Richard van Leeuwen, Hassan Wassouf, ABC-CLIO, 2004, ISBN 1-57607-204-5, . 225: Persian poet Nezami (d. 1209)
    • Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature, Julie Scott Meisami (Lecturer in Persian, University of Oxford, Oriental Institute, Editor The Journal of Middle Eastern Literatures), Paul Starkey. Gregor Schoeler ( ). . 69: Persian poet Nizami
    • The Oxford Dictionary of Islam, John L. Esposito, Oxford University Press US, 2003, ISBN 0-19-512559-2, . 235: Nizami, Jamal al-Din Abu Muhammad II- yas ibn Yusuf ibn Zaki Muayyad (d. ca. 1209) Persian poet. Author of the Khamsa
    • Encyclopedia of Asian History: Vols 1-4. Ainslie Thomas Embree (Professor Emeritus of History Columbia University), Robin Jeanne Lewis, Asia Society, Richard W. Bulliet. Scribner, 1988. .55: ..five historical idylls (12991302) as a rejoinder to the Khamsa of the Persian poet Nizami
    • New Encyclopedia of Islam: A Revised Edition of the Concise Encyclopedia of Islam. Cyril Glasse (Columbia university), Huston Smith. Rowman Altamira, 2003. ISBN 0-7591-0190-6. NizamI (Abu Yusuf Muhammad Ilyas ibn Yusuf Nizam ad-Dîn) (535-598l\ 1411202). A Persian poet and mystic, he was born in Ganja in Azerbaijan.
    ( ):
    • Christine van Ruymbeke (University of Cambridge, Doctorat en Iranologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium). Science and Poetry in Medieval Persia: The Botany of Nizamis Khamsa. Cambridge University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-521-87364-9. . 8. Nizami is one of the main representatives of Persian poetry at the time
    • A History of Literary Criticism in Iran, 18661951: Literary Criticism in the Works of Enlightened Thinkers of Iran--Akhundzadeh, Kermani, Malkom, Talebof, Maragheʼi, Kasravi, and Hedayat, Iraj Parsinejad (Tokio University of Foreigh Studies), Ibex Publishers, Inc., 2003, ISBN 1-58814-016-4, . 225: This is a critique of a new edition of Persian poet Nezami
    • Kamran Talattof (Associate Professor, Near Eastern Studies at the University of Arizona, Tucson), Jerome W. Clinton (professor emeritus of Near Eastern studies and a scholar of Iranian culture and society), K. Allin Luthe. The Poetry of Nizami Ganjavi: Knowledge, Love, and Rhetoric. Palgrave, 2001 ISBN 0-312-22810-4. .2: »and blameless character in a degree unequaled by any other Persian poet "
    • Ronald Grigor Suny (), Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies. Nationalism and Social Change: Essays in the History of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. University of Michigan Press, 1996. ISBN 0-472-09617-6. . 20. «the great Persian poet Nizam ud-Dih Abu Muhammad Ilyas»
    • History of Muslim Philosophy, M. M. SHARIF (Director of the Institute of Islamic Culture, Lahore Pakistan). 1963. 54: «The most important classical poet of this period is Shaikhi. His version of IChusrau we Shirin of the Persian poet Nizami is more than a mere translation»
    • Johan Christoph Burgel (Editor), Christine van Ruymbeke (Editor), Nizami: A Key to the Treasure of the Hakim (ISS), Leiden University Press (2010) «This Key to the Khamsa consists of thirteen essays by eminent scholars in the field of Persian Studies, each focusing on different aspects of the Khamsa, which is a collection of five long poems written by the Persian poet Nizami of Ganja. Nizami (11411209) lived and worked in Ganja in present-day Azerbaijan. He is widely recognized as one of the main poets of Medieval Persia, a towering figure who produced outstanding poetry, straddling mysticism, romances and epics.»
    • Gülru Necipoğlu Julia Bailey. Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World. BRILL, 2005, ISBN 90-04-14702-0. Aysin Yoltar-Yildirim (Ph.D. in Art History and Archeology). . 99. «Trying to emulate another great Persian poet, Nizami, Hatifi attempted to write»
    • Walter G. Andrews, Mehmet Kalpakli. The Age of Beloveds: Love and the Beloved in Early-modern Ottoman and European Culture and Society. Duke University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8223-3424-0. . 59. «the fourth in a series of five mesnevi poems (a hamse or pentad) intended to match the famed thirteenth-century hamse of the Persian poet Nizami of Ganja.»
    :
    • C. A. (Charles Ambrose) Storey and Franço de Blois (2004), «Persian Literature  A Biobibliographical Survey: Volume V Poetry of the Pre-Mongol Period.», RoutledgeCurzon; 2nd revised edition (June 21, 2004). Pg 363: «Nizami Ganjai, whose personal name was Ilyas, is the most celebrated native poet of the Persians after Firdausi. His nisbah designates him as a native of Ganja (Elizavetpol, Kirovabad) in Azerbaijan, then still a country with an Iranian population..»
    • , . Dr. Lalita Sinha (Universiti Sains Malaysia, Senior Lecturer in Comparative Literature and Comparative Religion). Garden of Love. World Wisdom, Inc, 2008. ISBN 1-933316-63-2. . 24. «Hailed by scholars of Persian literature as the greatest exponent of romantic epic poetry in Persian literature (Levy 1969, XI), Nizami is also referred.»
    • Annemarie Schimmel, «And Muhammad Is His Messenger: The Veneration of the Prophet in Islamic Piety (Studies in Religion)»,The University of North Carolina Press (November 30, 1985) . pg 18: "In Persian sources, his search for knowledge takes precedence over world conquest. In the Iskandar-namah (Book of Alexander) by the Persian poet Nizami, Alexander is depicted as the half-brother of the conquered King "
    • Richard N. Frye Reviewed work(s): The Turkic Languages and Literatures of Central Asia: A Bibliography by Rudolf Loewenthal. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, Vol. 21, (Dec., 1958), p. 186. excerpt: "Many works that appear in this bibliography have no proper place in it; for example, publications on the Persian poet, Nizami (page 73), as well as articles on such political matters as pan-Turkism "
    • Yoav Karny, «Highlanders : A Journey to the Caucasus in Quest of Memory», Published by Macmillan, 2000. Pg 124: «In 1991 he published a translation into Khynalug of the famous medieval poet Nezami, who is known as Persian but is claimed by Azeri nationalists as their own.»
  9. :
    • Encyclopedia Britannica Persian literature
    • Bruijn, J.T.P. de. «Mahsatī.» Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2009. excerpt: «a Persian female poet whose historical personality is difficult to ascertain. *Edward Brown, A literary History of Persia in Four Volumes. Cambridge university Press 1969.
    • .
  10. 1 2 , ,
  11. . . . " ".  , 1949.  . 41.

    « I -,   - . . , .»

  12. 1 2 1710-1720- Armen Aivazian, Demographic Situation in Karabakh in the 1710-1720s, Armenian Mind, Vol. V, No. 1-2, 2001, pp. 67-74
  13. . . , XVIII, , 1982, . 304.
  14. . . , . . . : . . , 1898, . 9, . 33, 36.
  15. 20 1723 . : "60 12- , . . . , [], , , , 60 , , ( ) .  1710-1720- Armen Aivazian, Demographic Situation in Karabakh in the 1710-1720s, Armenian Mind, Vol. V, No. 1-2, 2001, pp. 67-74 .
  16. . .  , 1951.  . 9.  162 .

    XVI . XVI . (), , . .

  17. 1892  25 758 (- 13 392, 10 524), 4053, 1000. 2, -  6,   13;   10 ( ), -  7;   1,   2,   4,   2   7.

  18. Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War By Stuart J. Kaufman  Page 77
  19. Divided Europeans: Understanding Ethnicities in Conflict, by Tim Allen, Tim Allen John Eade, John Eade  1999, p. 64
  20. Imogen Gladman Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia.  Taylor & Francis Group.  P. Page 131.
  21. After Communism: From the Atlantic to the Urals, by Jacques Lesourne, Bernard Lecomte, 1991, p. 52
  22. Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War, by Stuart J. Kaufman, Cornell University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8014-8736-6, p. 77: "The Soviet troops apparently tried to defend Armenians during the Kirovabad pogrom November 1988 but the task was in one sense hopeless: while the troops saved lives, the Armenians had to leave their homes and possessions anyway  the atmosphere made it impossible for them to live in Azerbaijan any longer.
  24. -»
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  26. İZMİR YG-21  İzmir Kardeş Şehirler
  27. 1 2 (19461990 .)
  28. 2011   Vesti.Az
  29. [1], [2]
  30. . . . ., . ., . . . . «». 2000. . 275.
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