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́ ́ ́ (. hard (magnetic) disk drive, HDD, HMDD), , «́» ( ) , . .
«» (), ( ) , , . . , . ( 10 [1]), . , .
, , , ( ) .
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[] «»
[2][3], «» (. Winchester) IBM (. Kenneth E. Haughton), , 1973 3340, . «30-30», ( ) 30 , «Winchester Model 1894» «.30-30 Winchester». [4], - , Winchester Repeating Arms Company, «» , .
«» 1990- , , «» ( ).
[]
(. interface) , , , , , () . ATA ( IDE PATA), SATA, eSATA, SCSI, SAS, FireWire, SDIO Fibre Channel.
(. capacity) , . . ( - 3,5 ) 2011 . 4000 (4 ) 5 [5]. , 1024 (.: ), , 1000. , , «200 », 186,2 .[6][7]
(-) (. dimension). (20012008 ) 3,5, 2,5 . 1,8 , 1,3 , 1 0,85 . - 8 5,25 .
(. random access time) , / . 2,5 16 . , (, Hitachi Ultrastar 15K147 3,7 [8]), (Seagate Momentus 5400.3 12,5 [9]). , SSD 1 .
(. spindle speed) . . : 4200, 5400 7200 (), 5400, 5900, 7200 10 000 ( ), 10 000 15 000 / ( ). , .
(. reliability) (MTBF). S.M.A.R.T.
- (. IOPS) 50 ./ 100 ./ .
.
(. G-shock rating) , .
(. Transfer Rate) :
- : 44,2 74,5 /;
- : 60,0 111,4 /.
, / . 8 64 .
[]
:
[]
Fujitsu SCSI-, 2001 - , Cirrus Logic ( 2009 Toshiba[11]). , Fujitsu , , . Toshiba 2,5- 1,8- . Quantum, 2000- , , IBM Fujitsu. IBM, , Quantum CX , , . Ƹ Nec. Maxtor. 2001 Maxtor Quantum, - "" . 2006 Seagate Maxtor. 1990- Conner Peripherials, Seagate. 1990- Micropolis, SCSI- premium- . 7200 / , Nidec, Micropolis , Seagate. IBM, , , 2000-, Hitachi, 2011 Western Digital.[ 100 ] Samsung HDD Seagate.[ 100 ] 2011 3 - Seagate Technology, Western Digital Toshiba.[ 100 ]
, SSD, , .
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Ƹ .
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, . ( ) , , , . ( , , ). , ( ) . , . , (, ) , .
, , .
(), , . (IBM), . , , , . . , ́ .
. (3600, 4200, 5000, 5400, 5900, 7200, 9600, 10 000, 12 000, 15 000). , . , . , «» , . . , , () . , «» , .
() , , . [12].
[]
: ( ), , , () . .[13]
, , , , . () . (/) , , . . , . Automatic Acoustic Management. ATA/ATAPI-6, . , 128 254, , , , .
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MFM RLL , , . , : , (), , .
.
, , « », , ( , ), ( , , , , , , ).
, .
( ). , , PRML (Partial Response Maximum Likelihood ). . , .
-
3,5" 73- Serial Attached SCSI- Fujitsu
[]
[]
. . CHS , .
, , . ( ), .
CHS, : , . ; ATA-1 ( Identify Drive).[16]
[]
[]
«» (. Zoned Recording). . , , . , ́ , , .
[]
. - , (. remapping). , , ECC, . : , . , .
[]
, (.: ). , CHS. , , , , . , 63 255 ( BIOS INT 13h), . [17] .
[]
. 512 .[18] 2006 IDEMA 4096 , 2010 [19]. Western Digital [20] , Advanced Format, , . AARS/EARS BPVT BEVT, "" 512- .
Advanced Format Windows XP .[21] Windows Vista, Windows 7 Mac OS .[22]
Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008 R2 .[23][24]
2 : -- (. cylinder-head-sector, CHS) (. linear block addressing, LBA).
[] CHS
3 , . , 528 482 304 (504 ), « » (. ).
[] LBA
. LBA- 1994 EIDE (Extended IDE). ATA CHS LBA:
LBA = [ (Cylinder * no of heads + heads) * sectors/track ] + (Sector-1)
LBA Sector Mapping SCSI. BIOS SCSI- , SCSI- .
[]
. , . ( ).
[]
23 /². 2010 .
[]
, . , 1 . ( 2009 ) 400 / (62 /²).[25]
Ƹ 2005 .
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| . |
(. Heat-assisted magnetic recording, HAMR) , . , . , , «». ( 2009 ), , 150 /².[26] HAMR- , . , Hitachi 2,33,1 /², Seagate Technology , HAMR- 7,75 /².[27] 20112012 .
[]
() (. Bit patterned media), , , , , .
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| , / | , | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UltraATA/133 | 1064 | 0,46 | (3,5") / (2,5") | 2 | 40/80 | Controller+2Slave, |
| SATA-300 | 3000 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Host/Slave, | |
| SATA-600 | 6144 | 1 | 7 | |||
| FireWire/400 | 400 | 4,5 ( 72 ) | / ( ) | 63 | 4/6 | , |
| FireWire/800 | 800 | 4,5 ( 72 ) | 63 | 4/6 | , | |
| USB 2.0 | 480 | 5 ( , , 72 ) | / ( ) | 127 | 4 | Host/Slave, |
| USB 3.0 | 4800 | / ( ) | 9 | , USB 2.0 | ||
| Ultra-320 SCSI | 2560 | 12 | 16 | 50/68 | , | |
| SAS | 3000 | 8 | 16384 | ; SATA- SAS- | ||
| eSATA | 3000 | 2 | 1 ( 15) | 7 | Host/Slave, |
[]
| . |
- 1956 IBM 350 IBM 305 RAMAC. 971 , 50 610 5 6- (3,5 8- ).
- 1980 5,25- Winchester, Shugart ST-506, 5 .
- 1981 5,25- Shugart ST-412, 10 .
- 1986 SCSI, ATA(IDE).
- 1990 320 .
- 1995 2 .
- 1997 10 .
- 1998 UDMA/33 ATAPI.
- 1999 IBM Microdrive 170 340 .
- 2000 IBM Microdrive 500 1 .
- 2002 ATA/ATAPI-6 137 .
- 2003 SATA.
- 2003 Hitachi Microdrive 2 .
- 2004 Seagate ST1 Microdrive 2.5 5 .
- 2005 500 .
- 2005 Serial ATA 3G ( SATA II).
- 2005 SAS (Serial Attached SCSI).
- 2005 Seagate ST1 Microdrive 8 .
- 2006 .
- 2006 «» , -.
- 2006 Seagate ST1 Microdrive 12 .
- 2007 Hitachi 1 .
- 2009 500- Western Digital, Seagate Technology LLC 2 .[28]
- 2009 Samsung USB 2.0 [29]
- 2009 Western Digital 2,5- HDD 1 ( 333 )[30]
- 2009 SATA 3.0 (SATA 6G).
- 2010 Seagate 3 [5].
- 2010 Samsung , 667 [31]
- 2011 Western Digital 750 [32].
- 2011 Hitachi 1 [33].
[]
[] (2011)
, , , [34]. Piper Jaffray IV 2011 60-80 180 , 9 2011 10 60 %[35]. 1 2011 . Western Digital 2011 .[36]
[] .
[]
- Reference Guide Hard Disk Drives (.). . 23 2011. 28 2009.
- http://www.storagereview.com/guide/histEarly.html Reference Guide Hard Disk Drives Early Disk Drives (.)
- IBM Archives: IBM 3340 direct access storage facility
- Ƹ ?
- 1 2 Seagate 4
- Medalist 545XE (.). Seagate (17 1994).( ) 8 2008.
Medalist 545xe (Seagate ST3660A) : 545,5 1057 ×16 ×63 ×512 = 545 513 472 . 545,5 1000×1000; 1024×1024 520,2.
Barracuda 7200.9 320 GB PATA hard drive (ST3320833A) (.). Seagate. Technical Specifications. 23 2011. 8 2008.
: 320 625 142 448. (512), 320 072 933 376. «320» 1000³, 1024³ 298. - Seagate. (.)
- http://www.hitachigst.com/hdd/support/15k147/15k147.htm
- http://www.seagate.com/products/notebook/momentus.html ( )
- Scythe Quiet Drive thg.ru
- Toshiba : News Release 1 Oct, 2009
- . R.LAB (23 210). 3 2012.
- 1 2 ( ), 1-3 / / hi-Tech
- . ???. 23 2011. ???.
- UDMA-3000 . ???. 23 2011. ???.
- ATA-1 (.). ???. ???.
- SCSI
- , ST-506/ST-412, 1980- .
- IDEMA Announces a New Sector Length Standard. ??? (22 2006).( ) 18 2009.
- The page is no longer available
- WD Align Tool
- Product Features
- Windows Vista support for large-sector hard disk drives. Microsoft (29 2007). 23 2011. 14 2011.
- Information about Microsoft support policy for large sector drives in Windows (.). Microsoft (4 2011). 23 2011. 14 2011.
- 2,4 2014 3DNews
- TDK 1 3DNews
- . , . . : // « ». 2007. № 3.
- .
- Samsung: 1.8" Spinpoint N3U HDD With Native USB (.)
- Western Digital Releases 1TB 2.5-inch Laptop Hard Drive (.)
- Hardware | | -
- -: : 3-
- Hitachi 1
- . .ru (23 2011 ). 3 2012. 24 2011.
- : . .ru (9 2011 ). 3 2012. 9 2011.
- WD -
[]
- . = Upgrading and Repairing PCs 17- . .: , 2007. . 653700. ISBN 0-7897-3404-4.
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