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Íslenska |
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306 000 |
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| 7.7597: |
225 |
| ISO 639-1: |
is |
| ISO 639-2: |
isl/ice |
| ISO 639-3: |
isl |
| . : : | |
́ ́ (íslenska [islεnska]) , , .
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, . 290 . (2007, ). 8165 , 3000 . - 5655 (2000, ) 2385 (2001, ) ( , ). .
. 306 . . (2007, ).
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. . XIX ., . . . . .
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- (. . ), /p, t, k/ [b̥, d̥, g̊]
- (. . ), /p, t, k/ [pʰ, tʰ, kʰ].
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XII . XXI ., . XIII ., , , . XII .
A a, B b, D d, Ð ð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, X x, Y y, Z z, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö
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[]
[]
:
| , | i: i (í ý) | u: u (ú) | |
| , | ɪ: ɪ (i y) | ʉ: ʉ (u) | |
| ε: ε (e) œ: œ (ö) | ɔ: ɔ (o) | ||
| a: a (a) |
: æ [ai] [a:i], au [œy] [œ:y], á [au] [a:u], ei ey [εi] [ε:i], ó [ou] [o:u].
ʰk, ʰp, ʰt. pʰ, tʰ, kʰ (. p, t, k) p, t, k (. b, d, g). : b, d, g b̥, d̥, g̊. , ( /cʰ/ /c/), .
. : prófessor [`pro:ufεsɔr]. .
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, : 3 (, , ) 4 (, , , ). ( ), .
: armurinn = armur + inn << armur hinn ( ); kinnarinnar = kinnar + innar << kinnar hinnar ( ). «hinn» . « + »: hinn gamli maður (.) = gamli maðurinn (.)
, . «» ( ) «» ( ). . . -st, . , .
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, , , . , «» (ljóskastari) «, », «» (kvikmynd) «() ». , . , «» sími , , « » farsími. raf, «» rafmagn, . rafgeymir .
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. 1925 , , 20 % Tulinius, Dahl, Norddal. .
, son (), dóttir (). , (Jón Pétursson) (Árni Jónsson), (Agnes Jónsdóttir). , , , , Jóhanna Guðrún Jónsdóttir, Einar Ágúst Víðisson.
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1995 . 16 , (XIX ) .
[] .
[]
[]
- . . // . ., 1996.
- . . . ., 1991.
- . . . ., 1971.
- - . . . ., 1955.
- - . . . .-., 1953.
- . . // Atlantica. . . 2. ., 1996.
- . . . ., 2002.
- Faarlund J.T. The notion of oblique subject and its status in the history of Icelandic // Grammatical relations in Change / Ed. by J. T. Faarlund. Benjamins, 2001.
- Haugen E. Die Skandinavischen Sprachen. Hamburg, 1984.
- Heusler A. Altisländisches Elementarbuch. Hdlb., 1913.
- Íslensk tunga IIII. Reykjavík, 2005.
- Magnús Péursson. Lehrbuch der isländischen Sprache. Hamb., 1981.
- Modern Icelandic Syntax // Syntax and Semantics. Vol. 24. / Ed. by J. Maling, A. Zaenen. 1990.
- Noreen A. Altisländische und Altnorwegische Grammatik (Laut- und Flexionslehre). Halle, 1923.
- Stefán Einarsson. Icelandic. Grammar, texts, glossary. Baltimore, 1949.
- Stefán Karlsson. Tungan // Íslensk þjóðmenning VI. Reykjavík, 1993.
- The Nordic Languages: An international handbook of the history of the North Germanic languages. Vol. 1. B.; N. Y., 2002.
- Torp A., Vikþr L. Hovuddrag i norsk språkhistorie. Ad notam Gyldendal. Bergen, 1993.
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- . . - . . . . . . . ., 1962.
- - / . / . . . . , 1996.
- Árni Böðvarsson. Íslensk Orðabók, Mál ok Menning/ Árni Böðvarsson, Reykjavík, 1993.
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- . . .
- : (English) (Icelandic)
- An Icelandic minigrammar
- BRAGI website on the Icelandic language, primarily in Icelandic and German, though other languages are available for some sub-pages.
- Iðunn Poetry society
- Icelandic-English Dictionary / Íslensk-ensk orðabók Sverrir Hólmarsson, Christopher Sanders, John Tucker. Searchable dictionary from the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries
- Some Icelandic sayings
- Meanings of Icelandic names
- Ethnologue report for the Icelandic language (about Ethnologue)
- Daily spoken Icelandic a little help
- Mannamál, Some tricky points of daily spoken Icelandic
- Icelandic English Dictionary: from Websters Rosetta Edition.
- Íslenska German magazine for Learners of Icelandic
- Mimir Online Icelandic grammar notebook
- Thorn and eth: how to get them right
- Verbix an online Icelandic verb conjugator
- An online declension tool for Icelandic nouns
- Mentalcode Icelandic
- Örnefnaskrá Íslands Icelandic place names directory
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