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́ ́ ́ ́ ́ -́ (audio . معمر القذافي [muˈʕamːar alqaðˈðaːfiː], Muʿammar al-Qaḏḏāfī, . . [muˈʕæmːɑrˤ əlɡædˈdæːfi]; 1940 7 1942, , 20 2011, [3]) ; (19692011),[4][5][6] (19691977), - (19701972), (19771979); ( 1969 ). , [7][8].
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23 2011 () , Expressen ,
, .(.)I have proof that Gadhafi gave the order about Lockerbie
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1 1995 30 . , [108][109]. [110].
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A new round of diplomacy to state Egypt's case, particularly in the West and the Far East, ensued, and arms supplies were requested from France and Britain. With the announcement on 2 August 1972 of Egypt's plan to merge with Libya, France stated that supplies of Mirage fighters to Libya, would continue, since Libya was not in direct conflict with Israel....
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In August 1984 King Hassan and Col Qaddafi of Libya signed the Arab-African Federation Treaty at Oujda, which established the `union of states` between their countries as the first step towards the creation of the Great Arab Maghreb. The Oujda Treaty, as at became known, provided for close economic and political co-operation between Marocco and Libya, and for mutual defense in the event of attack. The treaty was to take effect only after approval by the peoples of each country. A referendum was therefore held in Marocco on 31 august, and the treaty was approved by 99,97 % of voters. Libya's General People's Congress backed the agreement unanimously. Following the alliance of Algeria, Tunisia and Mauritania, through the Maghreb Fraternity and Co-operation Treaty, initiated in March 1983, and Mauritania's recognition of the SADR in February 1984, Marocco had found itself isolated in the Maghreb. By signing the treaty of union with Libya, Marocco not only gained an ally (though an unlikely one, considering the contrast between Marocco's pro-Western stance and Libya's radicalism under Qaddafi), but also persuaded Col Qaddafi to end Libyan aid to Polisario.
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(.)
Muammar Al Gaddafi was born in Sirte, Tripolitania, of a family of berber stock originally, the Qaddafa tribe. His language, as will be seen from the data, is identifiable as Tripoli Arabic (with however some bedouin phonological elements), although his education took him from Sirte (Tripilitania), to Sebha (Fezzan), Masrata (Tripolitania) and Benghazi (Cyrenaica). Sirte, in Tripolitania, is a "transitional" area according to Owens, between the West and East parts and shows characteristics of West (Tripoli) and East (Benghazi). Gaddafi's speech however, to judge from the data, does not show any influence of the Cyrenaic Arabic.
- 1 2 Current biography yearbook. H. W. Wilson Co, 1974. . 338. ISBN 082420543X, 9780824205430
(.)
Finally, in September Qaddafi ordered the nationalization of 51 percent of all oil companies' assets. Colonel Muammar el-Qaddafi was first married on December 25, 1969 to Fathia Nouri Khaled, a former schoolteacher and the daughter of a Libyan army officer. From that marriage, which ended in divorce, he has a son, Mohammed. He was married a second time, in July 1970, to Wasfia (or Safiya), a nurse, who bore him his second son, Seif al-Islam.
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- ї № 300/2008 і 4 і 2008 « . і » (.)
- ї № 1549-III і 16 2000 « і ї» (.)
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- Lenta.ru: . :
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- Libya and the U.S.: Qadhafi Unrepentant :: Middle East Quarterly
- Muammar Qaddafi
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