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M : (SM, IM, OM : SM x IM > IM, NM : SM x IM > SM, DM : SM x IM > d)

SM, IM (OM, NM, DM), s ∈ SM i ∈ IM, , : o ∈ IM , s' ∈ SM d ∈ {-1,0,1}.

M, v : vi ∈ IM , v t, , t, v ( v) , v M t, t t:

 CM  t  j:
SM(t) = SM0 ∧
PM(t) = j ∧
{ CM(t, j)  CM(t, j + |v| - 1)} = v 
 v'  j'  t'  t":
t < t" < t' ∧
{j'  j' +|v'|} ∩ {j  j + |v|} = ∅ ∧
{ CM(t', j')  CM(t', j' + |v'| - 1)} = v' ∧
PM(t") ∈ { j'  j' + |v'| - 1 }

:

  • t ∈ N «»,
  • PMN t
  • SM0
  • CM(t, c) c t

VS = (M, V)  M V: v, v' ∈ V. ,   . [8], : « VS, VS -VS, , , , - ». , , , (M, X) : Xi ∈ IM , ( , ), , .[7] , (, , ), .

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, . , . ,   , . , . , , .[9]

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, 1951 . 1961 .[12]

Virus 1,2,3 Elk Cloner Apple II, 1981 . 1984   CHK4BOMB BOMBSQAD (. Andy Hopkins). 1985 (. Gee Wong) DPROTECT  .

19871989 : Brain ( 18 , McAfee[   598 ]), Jerusalem ( 13 1988 ., [13]), ( 6200 , ), DATACRIME ( 100 ).

: ( , 1987), « » (AIDS, 1989[14]), (Chameleon, 1990), - (Frodo, Whale, 2- 1990).

-, : 1990 BBS Virus Exchange, « » , Symantec Norton Antivirus.

1992 PC  VCL ( Amiga ), (MtE, DAME TPE) .

- (SMEG.Pathogen, SMEG.Queeg, OneHalf, 1994; NightFall, Nostradamus, Nutcracker, 1995), (Dir II  1991, PMBS, Shadowgard, Cruncher  1993). , , (Shifter, 1994) (SrcVir, 1994). Microsoft Office (Concept, 1995).

1996 Windows 95  Win95.Boza,     Win95.Punch.

(ShareFun, 1997  MS Word, MS-Mail ; Win32.HLLP.DeTroie, 1998  -; Melissa, 1999  , ). « » BackOrifice (1998) (NetBus, Phase).

Win95.CIH , FlashBIOS ( 1998 ).

1990-x  2000-x , Windows NT, , , , ( , ) ( ).

, Windows -. 2004 . MsBlast ( 16  Microsoft[15]), Sasser Mydoom ( 500 $ 4 $, [16]).

, ( , /, , - ).     .

, p2p-      - (Rustock, 2006, . 150 . ; Conficker, 20082009, 7  ; Kraken, 2009, . 500 . ). .

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. , «» (Gregory Benford) « »[17], Venture 1970 . « »   , PERVADE (1975), , ANIMAL , VIRUS. , , ,  , «».

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  1. // KP.RU
  2. Fred Cohen. Computer Viruses  Theory and Experiments (.)
  3. .    (.)
  4. Leonard Adleman. An Abstract Theory of Computer Viruses (.)
  5. Diomidis Spinellis. Reliable Identification of Bounded-length Viruses is NP-complete IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 49(1), pp. 280284, January 2003
  6. 1 2 Alan M. Turing. On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungs Problem. Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, vol. 2, № 42, pp. 230265, 1936, Corrections in 2(43): pp. 544546
  7. 1 2 Fred Cohen. Computational aspects of computer viruses Computers & Security, vol. 8, № 4, pp. 325344, June 1989
  8. Billy Belcebu / Xine#4, . . . v0id
  9. . . . (13 2008).( ) 13 2008.
  10. . . 2003. CNews-. 22 2011. 13 2008.
  11. McIlroy et al. Darwin, a Game of Survival of the Fittest among Programs
  12. RCE-1813 (Jerusalem  )
  13. George Smith. The Original Anti-Piracy Hack SecurityFocus, 12 2002
  14. AlgoNet  MSBlast ,
  15. Silicon.com  Cost of Sasser is $500m and counting…
  16. The Scarred Man  (.)

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