 (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) |
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́ (. Branchiostoma, Amphioxus) (. Branchiostomidae), (. Acrania) (Cephalochordata). ; [1][2]. (Branchiostoma lanceolatum (Pallas, 1774), Amphioxus lanceolatus). [3].
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- ,
- ;
- , . .
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, -, [4], , . , , . 58 [5][6].
. . , . [7]. , , ( )[8]. . , , , .
. , , , , .
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(), . , [6], , . , . , .
[]
, .
, , , .[6]
[]
[]
, . , , , , . , .[8]
, .[10] , , ( ) .[6] , , - . . : .[6] .
, .
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, . ( ) 5080 [6], . , . , .[5] .
, . .
[]
100 .[5][6][8] , , .( , [11].)
, . ( , ) , ( ) . , . , . . , , (). , , , .
, , , . , . . .[6]
[]
100 [6] . , , . ( ). , , « » . , . , , , . , , .
, () , . .
. ( .) (, , , , ). , , () . - , [14].
[]
, , . [15], , :
 (·1·1·1) |
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|
|---|---|---|
| 0,78 × 103 | 9 % | |
| 0,32 × 103 | 4 % | |
|
|
0,25 × 103 | |
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|
0,08 × 103 | |
| 0,32 × 103 | 4 % | |
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|
0,23 × 103 | |
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|
0,09 × 103 | |
| 7,43 × 103 | 83 % | |
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|
0,76 × 103 | |
|
4,47 × 103 | |
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|
0,98 × 103 | |
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|
1,22 × 103 |
(76 %) , . (23 %), , , , . , (1 %).
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(aorta ventralis) , , . , .[16] . (), , .[9] .[6] ( ) (aorta dorsalis), , . (aorta dorsalis) . . .
, , . . , . . ( ), , . , . . , .
[]
, , : , . , , . () 2526 . , [6] [5]; . .
[]
, , . , , .[4] , ; .[19] , . .[20].
-: , [8]. - , , ; . .
[]
[]
[]
. ( VII X ).[21] , ( . . 昌, : Wénchāng) . , , (. . 昌, . 昌, : wénchāngyú, « »).[21] .
[]
.[8] (B. belcheri) 300 - - . , , 23 .[8] 5 . 35 .
[22]:
| 88,9 % | |
| 9,4 % | |
| 1,3 % | |
| 0,7 % | |
| 0 % |
18,3 100 , -3 0,56 , 30 % . (.). -3 (; 22:5, (n3)) (; 20:5, (n3)) (; 22:6, (n3)) .[22]
, ; , .[23]
, . .[8]
[]
, .[8][9][21][24][25] , , .[21] , .
[]
. . (1774), (Limax lanceolatus, « »). . « ».
, 2008 , , .[27] , , .
(Amphioxi).[8] , , , (Cephalochordata);[5] .
, :
- B. belcheri (J.E. Gray, 1847)
- B. californiense Andrews, 1893
- B. capense Gilchrist, 1902
- B. caribaeum (Sundevall, 1853)
- B. floridae Hubbs, 1922 .
- B. lanceolatum (Pallas, 1774) ( Amphioxus lanceolatus)
- B. valdiviae (Goldschmidt, 1905)
- B. virginiae Hubbs, 1922
(. ITIS) 13 :
- B. africae Hubbs in Monod, 1927
- B. arabiae Webb, 1957
- B. bennetti Boschung and Gunter, 1966
- B. elongatum (Sundevall, 1852)
- B. gambiense Webb, 1958
- B. indicum (Willey, 1901)
- B. leonense Webb, 1956
- B. longirostrum Boschung, 1983
- B. malayanum Webb, 1956
- B. nigeriense Webb, 1955
- B. platae Hubbs, 1922
- B. senegalense Webb, 1955
- B. tattersalli Hubbs, 1922
B. valdiviae (Goldschmidt, 1905) ITIS Epigonichthys maldivensis (Foster Cooper, 1903) , , - (Epigonichthys).
[28], Asymmetron (-), Branchiostoma Epigonichthys, , Epigonichthys maldivensis Branchiostoma belcheri, B. lanceolatum B. floridae, , , Asymmetron.
[]
- Wu et al. (1994).
- Ueda and Kamakura (2006).
- Stokes (1997).
- 1 2 3 . «JRank». (.)
- 1 2 3 4 5 ., , . . . . (1979).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 . . . . (1979).
- . . (19961997).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 « » (1971).
- 1 2 3 . . , . 3. . . (1989).
- Guthrie and Banks (1970).
- . (1987).
- (1989).
- . (Olsson, 1996) «The Lancelets: A New Look at Some Old Beasts» (1996).
- An amphioxus LIM-homeobox gene, AmphiLim1/5, expressed early in the invaginating organizer region and later in differentiating cells of the kidney and central nervous system
- 1 2 Schmitz et al. (2000).
- 1 2 Rähr (1981).
- Gans (1996).
- Welsch (1975).
- Webb and Hill (1958).
- « » («The Columbia Encyclopedia», 2001).
- 1 2 3 4 Stokes and Holland (1998).
- 1 2 Frick and Ruppert (2001).
- . «.».
- Bentele et al. (2006).
- . «Evolution: renewed interest in the lancelet (Amphioxus)» «ScienceWeek». (.)
- « » (1999).
- « »
- Kon et al. (2007).
[]
- . ., . ., . . . : . 67 . . . / . . . 18- . .: , 1987. . 240.
- . ., . . : . .-. / . . , . . . - ., . .: , 1979. . 177183.
- . . . . // « »: . 2- - / . . . : - , 2004. . 26.
- . . 4. / . . . . . .: , 1971. . 1. . 1214.
- . . : 5 . / . . . . ., 19371948.
- - . . : . .: , 1978. . 4133.
- . ., . 3., . . : . . . / . . , . 3. , . . . 4- ., . . .: , 1989. .230233. ISBN 5-10-000460-6.
- . . : ; 1- 2- / . . . .: , 19961997.
- . ., . . . : . « ». .: , 2005. . 13.
- . ., . . , , , // : . . - / . . , . . . .: . , 1979. . 1. . 3342.
- . 9 . . 2. . .: -, , 1999. . 173. ISBN 5-16-000069-0.
- . ., . ., . . . : . 910 . . . / . . . 17- ., . .: , 1987. . 192195.
- ., . . .: , 1989. . 419422.
- Bentele C., Krüger O., Tödtmann U., Oley M., Ragg H. A proprotein convertase-inhibiting serpin with an endoplasmic reticulum targeting signal from Branchiostoma lanceolatum, a close relative of vertebrates. // The Biochemical Journal. 2006. Vol. 395. Pt. 3. P. 449456. (.)
- Bone Q. Observations upon the living larva of amphioxus // Pubbl. Staz. Zool. Napoli. 1958. T. 30. P. 458441. (.)
- Frick J. E., Ruppert E. E. Preliminary nutritional analysis of lancelets, a promising seafood with aquacultural potential // Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology. 2001. Vol. 10. No. 1. P. 6375. (.)
- Gans C. Study of the lancelets: The first 200 years // Isr. J. Zool. 1996. Vol. 42. P. 311. (.)
- Guthrie D. M., Banks J. R. Observations on the function and physiological properties of a fast paramyosin musclethe notochord of Amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) // Journal of Experimental Biology. 1970. Vol. 52. P. 125138. (.)
- Guthrie D. M., Banks J. R. Observations on the electrical and mechanical properties of the myotomes of the lancelet (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) // Journal of Experimental Biology. 1970. Vol. 52. P. 401417. ( .) (.)
- Jefferies R. P. S. The Ancestry of the Vertebrates. London: British Museum (Natural History), 1986. 376 p. (.)
- Kon T., Nohara M., Yamanoue Y., Fujiwara Y., Nishida M., Nishikawa T. Phylogenetic position of a whale-fall lancelet (Cephalochordata) inferred from whole mitochondrial genome sequences // BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2007. Vol. 7. P. 127. (.)
- Lacalli T. C., Holland N. D., West J. E. Landmarks in the anterior central nervous system of amphioxus larvae // Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences. 1994. Vol. 344. P. 165185. (.)
- Levin M. The embryonic origins of left-right asymmetry // Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine. 2004. Vol. 15. No. 4. P. 197206. (.)
- Olsson R. Lancelets: A New Look at Some Old Beasts, The // American Zoologist. 1997. No. 9. Sept. (.) ( «The Lancelets: A New Look at Some Old Beasts».)
- Rähr H. The ultrastructure of the blood vessels of Branchiostoma lanceolatum (Pallas) (Cephalochordata). I. Relations between blood vessels, epithelia, basal laminae and connective tissue // Zoomorph. 1981. Vol. 97. P. 5374. (.)
- Schmitz A., Gemmel M., Perry S. F. Morphometric partitioning of respiratory surfaces in amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum Pallas) // Journal of Experimental Biology. 2000. Vol. 203. P. 33813390. (.) ( (Branchiostoma lanceolatum Pallas.)
- Stokes M. D. Larval locomotion of the lancelet Branchiostoma floridae // Journal of Experimental Biology. 1997. Vol 200. P. 16611680. (.)
- Stokes M. D., Holland N. D. Embryos and larvae of a lancelet, Branchiostoma floridae, from hatching to metamorphosis: growth in the laboratory and external morphology // Acta Zool. Stockh. 1995a. Vol. 76. P. 105120. (.)
- Stokes M. D., Holland N. D. Ciliary hovering in larval lancelets (=amphioxus) // Biol. Bull. 1995b. Vol. 188. P. 23l233. (.)
- Stokes M. D., Holland N. D. The lancelet // American Scientist. 1998. Vol. 86. No. 6. P. 552. DOI: 10.1511/1998.6.552. (.)
- The Columbia Encyclopedia. 6th edn. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001-07. (.)
- The Lancelets: A New Look at Some Old Beasts / Ed. by C. Gans, N. Kemp and S. Poss // Israel Journal of Zoology. Vol. 42. Supplement. Jerusalem: Laser Pages Publishing Ltd., 1996. 446 pp. ISSN 0021-2210. (.)
- Ueda H., Kamakura H. Synchronous recruitment and growth pattern of planktonic larvae of the amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan // Mar. Biol. 2006. Vol. 148. P. 12631271. (.)
- Webb J. E., Hill M. B. The ecology of Lagos Lagoon. IV. On the reactions of Branchiostoma nigeriense to its environment // Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 1958. Vol. 241. P. 355391. (.)
- Welsch U. The fine structure of the pharynx, cyrtopodocytes and digestive caecum of amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum) // Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1975. Vol. 36. P. 1741. (.)
- Wickstead J. H. Branchiostoma Lancelatum larvae: some experiments on the effect of thiouracil on the metamorphosis // J. mar. biol. Ass. U. K. 1967. Vol. 47. P. 4959. (.)
- Wu X., Zhang S., Wang Y., Zhang B., Qu Y., Jiang X. Laboratory observation on spawning, fecundity and larval development of amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtaunese) // Chinese J. Oceanol. Limnology. 1994. Vol. 12. P. 289294. (.)
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- // : 86 (82 . 4 .). ., 18901907.
- Branchiostoma :
- « » . . ( )
- «.»
- «Lancelets: Cephalochordata Physical Characteristics, Behavior and Reproduction, Lancelets and Vertebrates, Florida Lancelet (Branchiostoma floridae): Species Account Geographic Range, Habitat, Diet, Conservation Status» «JRank» (.)
- - () (.)
- «Researcher traces gene development in 'last common link'» (. Ellen Thompson) , , , - () (.)
- «Error in the Genealogy of Human» « » () (.)
- «ScienceWeek» (2004) (.)
- «Scripps Scientists Discover Fluorescence in Key Marine Creature» () (.)
- «Chordata, Sub-Phylum Acrania (=Cephalochordata), Family: Branchiostomidae (By J. H. Wickstead) 1967» «ICES» () (.)
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