GNU Free Documentation License . .

: ,

(, ( ) , .

, , , ( ). , , ( )[1].

[]

1963 [2] , , , 1964 .[3]

[]

, , . , , .

- ( , ). , . (, , .). ́ . ́ .

[]

. 200 . (A) . (B) ; , , . Iborra et al., 2004.[4]

, , , (, ) .[5]

.[6]

, .

(, ) ()   - (20-50 ) 21 ... - (20 000  55 000 , 300 , 1000 ..). (), . - . - .[7] - (guideRNA), , -.

[]

, , . , , . . , .[8] 100-10000 ( ).   .

[]

[]

. , . (   ),   ,   . , .[9]

, , , . , , . 1999 , (-, ).[10]

, ( ) . . .[11] « », .

[]

, , [12][13]. , , ,[14] [15] .[16]

. ,[17][18] , , . [19] .[20] .[21].

[]

15000-17000 ( 16565   1981 [22], 16569 [23]) 37   13 , 22  , 2  ( 12S 16S ). , . , [24] . , - Reclinomonas americana : 97 , 62 , (27 , 23 , - , -).

( 6.000 .., , ).

() ( , ) .[25]

19 431 ( Schizosaccharomyces pombe) 100 314 ( Podospora anserina) [26].

( 25 ), , . . .

[22].

:

NADH-
( I)
MT-ND1, MT-ND2, MT-ND3, MT-ND4, MT-ND4L, MT-ND5, MT-ND6
Q - c / b
( III)
MT-CYB
c
( IV)
MT-CO1, MT-CO2, MT-CO3
- MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8
MT-RNR1 (12S), MT-RNR2 (16S)
MT-TA, MT-TC, MT-TD, MT-TE, MT-TF, MT-TG, MT-TH, MT-TI, MT-TK, MT-TL1, MT-TL2, MT-TM, MT-TN, MT-TP, MT-TQ, MT-TR, MT-TS1, MT-TS2, MT-TT, MT-TV, MT-TW, MT-TY, MT1X

[]

() .
, AUA ( ), AGA AGG  ( ), UGA [22].
, , , () . U , .
(22 ) , 32 [22].
, , , , 3'- [22].

[]

,   . .

[]

  1. ., , . ., ., 1966; ., , .: , . ., ., 1966.
  2. Nass, M.M. & Nass, S. (1963 at the Wenner-Gren Institute for Experimental Biology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden): Intramitochondrial Fibers with DNA characteristics (PDF). In: J. Cell. Biol. Bd. 19, S. 593629. PMID 14086138
  3. Ellen Haslbrunner, Hans Tuppy and Gottfried Schatz (1964 at the Institut for Biochemistry at the Medical Faculty of the University of Vienna in Vienna, ): «Deoxyribonucleic Acid Associated with Yeast Mitochondria» (PDF) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 15, 127132.
  4. Iborra FJ, Kimura H, Cook PR (2004). «The functional organization of mitochondrial genomes in human cells». BMC Biol. 2: 9. DOI:10.1186/1741-7007-2-9. PMID 15157274.
  5. . .  . , 2002, N 6 [1]
  6. Wiesner RJ, Ruegg JC, Morano I (1992). «Counting target molecules by exponential polymerase chain reaction, copy number of mitochondrial DNA in rat tissues». Biochim Biophys Acta. 183: 553559. PMID 1550563.
  7. doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2006.04.005
  8. (July 2004) «Mitochondrial DNA and aging». Clinical Science 107 (4): 355364. DOI:10.1042/CS20040148. PMID 15279618.
  9. . . .  3- .  , 1995.  384 .  ISBN 5-211-03055-9
  10. Sutovsky, P., et. al (Nov. 25, 1999). «Ubiquitin tag for sperm mitochondria». Nature 402: 371372. DOI:10.1038/46466. PMID 10586873. Discussed in [2].
  11. Vilà C, Savolainen P, Maldonado JE, and Amorin IR (13 June 1997). «Multiple and Ancient Origins of the Domestic Dog». Science 276: 16871689. DOI:10.1126/science.276.5319.1687. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 9180076.
  12. Hoeh WR, Blakley KH, Brown WM (1991). «Heteroplasmy suggests limited biparental inheritance of Mytilus mitochondrial DNA». Science 251: 14881490. DOI:10.1126/science.1672472. PMID 1672472.
  13. Penman, Danny. Mitochondria can be inherited from both parents, NewScientist.com (23 August 2002). 5 2008.
  14. Kondo R, Matsuura ET, Chigusa SI (1992). «Further observation of paternal transmission of Drosophila mitochondrial DNA by PCR selective amplification method». Genet. Res. 59 (2): 814. PMID 1628820.
  15. Meusel MS, Moritz RF (1993). «Transfer of paternal mitochondrial DNA during fertilization of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) eggs». Curr. Genet. 24 (6): 53943. DOI:10.1007/BF00351719. PMID 8299176.
  16. Fontaine, KM, Cooley, JR, Simon, C (2007). «Evidence for paternal leakage in hybrid periodical cicadas (Hemiptera: Magicicada spp.)». PLoS One. 9: e892. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0000892.
  17. Gyllensten U, Wharton D, Josefsson A, Wilson AC (1991). «Paternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in mice». Nature 352 (6332): 2557. DOI:10.1038/352255a0. PMID 1857422.
  18. Shitara H, Hayashi JI, Takahama S, Kaneda H, Yonekawa H (1998). «Maternal inheritance of mouse mtDNA in interspecific hybrids: segregation of the leaked paternal mtDNA followed by the prevention of subsequent paternal leakage». Genetics 148 (2): 8517. PMID 9504930.
  19. Zhao X, Li N, Guo W, et al (2004). «Further evidence for paternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in the sheep (Ovis aries)». Heredity 93 (4): 399403. DOI:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800516. PMID 15266295.
  20. Steinborn R, Zakhartchenko V, Jelyazkov J, et al (1998). «Composition of parental mitochondrial DNA in cloned bovine embryos». FEBS Lett. 426 (3): 3526. DOI:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00350-0. PMID 9600265.
  21. Schwartz M, Vissing J (2002). «Paternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA». N. Engl. J. Med. 347 (8): 57680. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa020350. PMID 12192017.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 . .  . 1987.
  23. http://chemistry.umeche.maine.edu/CHY431/MitoDNA.html
  24. MW Gray, BF Lang, R Cedergren, GB Golding, C Lemieux, D Sankoff, M Turmel, N Brossard, E Delage, TG Littlejohn, I Plante, P Rioux, D Saint-Louis, Y Zhu and G Burger (1998). «Genome structure and gene content in protist mitochondrial DNAs». Nucleic Acids Research 26: 865-878.http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/4/865
  25. en:Mitosome#cite_note-Leon04-7
  26. . ., . ., . ..: . «», 2005.  . 52.  ISBN 5-7695-2174-0

[]

[] .