́ ́ ́ ́ (. New Zealand English) , .
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, , Heinemann New Zealand dictionary, 1979 . (. Harry Orsman). 1 300- , , , , , . , , , , «haka» («, ») (1827 .), «Boohai» («») (1920 .), «bach» (« ; ») (1905 .).
1997 . « » (. Oxford University Press) « » (. Dictionary of New Zealand English), , , . , 1951 ., . 1997 . « » (. New Zealand Dictionary Centre), . ; 2004 . « » (. The New Zealand Oxford Dictionary).
, , « -» (. A personal Kiwi-Yankee dictionary), 1980 . (. Louis Leland), , (. University of Otago). , , . 1990- .
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1912 ., (. Frank Arthur Swinnerton) , « »; , , . ; , , .[1]
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- i, ( «kit») , [ə] [ɘ]. , , u ; [i], ; , , «fish and chips» «feesh and cheeps», , , «fish and chips» «fush and chups».[2][3][4] i /ə/.
- e /ɛ/ ( «dress») , /ɪ/, [e]; i.
- , a /æ/ ( «trap») [ɛ], , , e.
XX ., , , , 1950- . , i , , XIX . (. lower-class people). , , , , . . , .
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- /ɪə/ ( «near») /eə/ ( «square») ; here there; bear beer, , rarely really . « , » . , , , , , [iə].[5]
- /l/, /iː/:/ɪə/ ( «reel» «real»), /ɒ/:/oʊ/ («doll» «dole»), /ʊ/:/uː/ («pull» «pool»), /ɛ/:/æ/ («Ellen» «Alan») /ʊ/:/ɪ/ («full» «fill»).[6][7]
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- /ɑr/-/ɑː/, «start», «bath» «palm» - [ɐː] [ɐ̟ː]. /ʌ/, «strut». .[8]
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- (. non-rhotic ) , R (. linking and intrusive R), , « » (. Southland burr), [r]. , ; . [9][10] , /r/, , , , , Ireland R.[11]
- /l/ «» () , () .[3][6] - ; , /l/ .[12]
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- « a» (. trap-bath split); dance /ɑː/, .[6][3]
- , , , grown, thrown and mown , /-oʊ.ən/. , groan, throne and moan , , .[12] ( ) three, 'th' 'r', , dwarf Dwane/Duane, 'd' 'w' ( 'u').
- trans-, , /trænts/. a «transplant» (/trænzplɑːnt/), , ( ) (/trænzplænt/).
- H /eɪtʃ/, , (): /heɪtʃ/, (. Hiberno-English); , .
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, , , . , :[14]
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. , .
1960- ., 1970- . . , , 1960- ., , , , , , , , , .
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| Cellphone / mobile / mobile phone (cell)/phone(mobile) | Mobile phone (mobile) |
/ . |
| Chilly bin | Esky | /. |
| Dairy | Delicatessen convenience store Deli |
/ (. convenience store), . , «/ » «superette» . , «delicatessen» , , , ., , ( ). |
| Domain, field | Oval, paddock | , , /. |
| Duvet | Doona | . |
| Jandals | Thongs | ( «-» « »). |
| Jersey | Jumper | . " jersey " (. ); , , «guernsey», , . |
| Judder bar[15] / Speed bump | Speed bump | « », , . «Speed bump» , , . |
| No exit | No through road | , . |
| Oil skin / Swanndri | Driza-Bone Oil skin |
: ; Swanndri: ( ). |
| Togs |
Bathers Swimmers Cozzies Togs budgie smugglera |
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| Trolley | Shopping trolley | , , . |
| Trolley, Trundler | Shopping jeep/granny trolley | ( ). |
| Tramp | Bush walk | . |
| Twink | Wite-Out or Liquid Paper | , . |
| Vivid Felts, Felt tips |
Texta | . |
| a . | ||
1950-60- . «milk bar» , , , . .
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- The Story of English by Robert McCrum, William Cran, and Robert MacNeil. BBC Publications and Faber and Faber: London, 1986.
- Kortmann and Schneider, pp 587 and 611.
- 1 2 3 Crystal, p 354.
- Trudgill and Hannah, pp 23-24
- Kortmann and Schneider, pp 582, 592, 610.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Trudgill and Hannah, p 24.
- Kortmann and Schneider, pp 589f.
- Kortmann and Schneider, pp 582, 588, 590
- http://english.unitecnology.ac.nz/resources/resources/exp_lang/other_forms.html
- Kortmann and Schneider, p 605.
- Kortmann and Schneider, p 594.
- 1 2 Kortmann and Schneider, p 611.
- Kortmann and Schneider, pp 606 and 609.
- Bauer, Warren & Bardsley et al. 2007, pp 97-102
- WordWeb online
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- New Zealand English: Origins, Relationships, and Prospects (.)
- New Zealand Slang (.)
- New Zealand English (.)
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