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OPEC.svg

  (. The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries; ., . OPEC)  ( ), . 12 : , , , , , , , , , , . - . ( 2007 .)  -.

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1014 1960. , , , ( ). , , : (1961), (19622008, 1 2008 . ), (1962), (1967), (1969), (1971), (19731992, 2007), (19751994), (2007).
2008 , - , , , , , . 12 , , 2007 .:   [1]. 2008 .

- .
.

- (), 1 1965 ().

, , , .

. , . .

2/3 . 40 % . ( ) . 1988 [2][3] 1998 , 20072008 .[4][5][6][7] [8]

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:
1861 2007 .   ( 2008 ),   .

«» (OPEC Reference Basket of crudes) 1 1987 . «» : Arab Light ( ), Basra Light (), Bonny Light (), Es Sider (), Girassol (), Iran Heavy (), Kuwait Export (), Merey (), Murban (), Oriente (), Qatar Marine (), Saharan Blend ().[9]

«» $140,73 [10][9], 3 2008 .

2008 Oriente ().[9] 2009 Minas (), BCF 17 () Merey (). ( 2011) 12 . , 12 , .

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, [11]
(01/07/05) (01/07)
Flag of Algeria.svg  894 1 360 1 430
Flag of Angola.svg  1 900 1 700 1 700
Flag of Ecuador.svg  520 500 500
Flag of Iran.svg  4 110 3 700 3 750
Flag of Iraq.svg  1,481
Flag of Kuwait.svg  2 247 2 500 2 600
Flag of Libya.svg  1 500 1 650 1 700
Flag of Nigeria.svg  2 306 2 250 2 250
Flag of Qatar.svg  726 810 850
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  10 099 8 800 10 500
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  2 444 2 500 2 600
Flag of Venezuela.svg  3 225 2 340 2 450
31 422 30 451 32 230
2012 .[12]
:
( ) 36.30 19.05 14.31 75.35 32.44 3.57 6.56 159.64 1.70 26.11 4.74 28.95 408.72
(1000 ²) 2 382 1 247 281 1 648 438 18 1 760 924 11 2 150 84 916 11859
( ²) 15 15 51 46 74 198 4 173 155 12 56 32 34.47
(.) 4 488 4 478 3 984 4 741 3 881 36 820 11 314 1 213 75 643 16 996 56 812 10 223 -
( .) 162.92 85.31 57.00 357.22 125.90 131.32 74.23 193.67 128.59 443.69 269.10 295.96 2 324.91
( .) 57.80 49.26 17.37 83.79 52.08 65.98 46.31 70.58 72.05 235.34 198.36 65.79 1 014.71
( .) 38.30 47.24 9.65 71.57 51.15 61.67 41.87 61.80 29.28 196.19 74.03 62.32 745.07
( .) 15.10 - 1.04 0.43 21.56 6.90 43.14 16.16 7.83 38.79 23.27 14.38 8.56 -
( .) 12.20 9.50 7.21 151.17 143.10 101.50 47.10 37.20 25.38 264.52 296.50 211.17 -
(1000 /) 1 190 1 691 476 3 544 2 358 2 312 1 487 2 048 733 8 166 2 324 2 854 29 213
(1000 /) 652 39 188 1 741 800 936 380 445 80 2 109 466 982 8 818
(1000 /) 631.5 47.0 185.1 1 743.3 513.2 892.7 545.8 249.4 133.0 1 914.0 355.4 1 414.8 8625.2
(1000 /) 338 110 220 1 775 566 260 299 259 116 1 436 238 675 6 282
(1000 /) 709 1 683 340 2 583 1 890 1 430 1 118 2 464 586 6 644 2 103 1 562 23 112
(1000 /) 314.1 7.5 28.1 370.6 5.0 631.6 48.3 23.1 321.6 950.9 187.9 751.1 3 639.8

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  1. http://www.opec.org/home/PowerPoint/Reserves/OPEC%20share.htm
  2. http://www.eia.doe.gov/iea/pet.html G.2 
  3. http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petroleum/analysis_publications/oil_market_basics/sup_image_worldprod.htm -
  4. http://www.tsl.uu.se/uhdsg/Publications/Aram_Thesis.pdf
  5. BBC NEWS | Business | Oil price hits $113. 93 a barrel
  6. BBC NEWS | Business | 'Threat' to future of Russia oil
  8. daily 16.04.2008 ::  ::
  9. 1 2 3 http://www.opec.org/home/basket.aspx
  10. http://www.opec.org/home/basketDayArchives.aspx
  11. Quotas as reported by the United States Department of Energy
  12. [1] as reported by the United States Department of Energy

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