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(Buceros bicornis) |
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Bucerotidae (Rafinesque, 1815) |
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́-́ (. Bucerotidae) . 57 , - , ; 10 . .-. βος «» κέρας «», « ». - , .
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- - , , (. Tockus). . , , ( ) . . (. Rhinoplax vigil) , . , 11 % . - , , , .[1]
- 30 (. Tockus camurus), 1,2 (. Bucorvus leadbeateri). 60 6 . , - . : , 2/3 . , .
: 17 %, 21 %, 30 %. , . , , (. Aceros leucocephalus), , , , , - (. Anthracoceros malayanus), .
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- , - , - , . . , , , . , , , - .
- .
[]
- . , . 1020 , , , . ( ) . , .
. , , , (. Dipterocarpus) (. Syzygium). - , . .
. , . , . , , , «». , . . .
, . . .[3]
, . .
12 , 8.[4] ; , , . , . . , . -, . 23 46 . , , . ( , ) 42 137 , , ( 0,5 ) , 36 .
, , . .
- . , , , , , , . , . , , , - .
, (. Bucorvus leadbeateri) . , , , . (. Tockus monteiri) , . -, (. Rhyticeros narcondami), . , , . , , .
, , (. Ceratogymna elata) (. Ceratogymna atrata) .[3]
- . .[3]
-, , .[4]
[] -
, , . . , . (. Singalang Burong), , , « -» (. Gawai Kenyalang . Gawai Burong). -, - « -». , - , - .[5]
« -». . - . (. Aceros cassidix) .
- . - . , , : . (. Rhinoplax vigil) .
- (. Endangered), (. Critically Endangered). (. Vulnerable), 12 (. Near Threatened).[6]
- , . 25 (. Tockus alboterminatus). « » - (. Tockus erythrorhynchus).
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1972 [7] |
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- . Bucerotiformes, Bucorvidae, , Bucerotidae, -.
- , .
- 14 57 [8]:
- Anthracoceros Reichenbach, 1849 -
- Bucorvus Lesson, 1830
- Bucorvus abyssinicus (Boddaert, 1783)
- Bucorvus leadbeateri (Vigors, 1825)
- Bycanistes Cabanis et Heine, 1860
- Bycanistes brevis Friedmann, 1929
- Bycanistes bucinator (Temminck, 1824) -
- Bycanistes cylindricus (Temminck, 1831)
- Bycanistes fistulator (Cassin, 1850)
- Bycanistes subcylindricus (P.L.Sclater, 1870)
- Rhyticeros Reichenbach, 1849
- Tockus Lesson, 1830
- Tockus alboterminatus (Büttikofer, 1889)
- Tockus bradfieldi (Roberts, 1930)
- Tockus camurus (Cassin, 1857)
- Tockus deckeni (Cabanis, 1869)
- Tockus erythrorhynchus (Temminck, 1823)
- Tockus fasciatus (Shaw, 1811) ϸ
- Tockus flavirostris (Rüppell, 1835)
- Tockus hartlaubi (Gould, 1861)
- Tockus hemprichii (Ehrenberg, 1833)
- Tockus jacksoni (Ogilvie-Grant, 1891)
- Tockus leucomelas (Lichtenstein, 1842)
- Tockus monteiri (Hartlaub, 1865)
- Tockus nasutus (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Tockus pallidirostris (Hartlaub et Finsch, 1870)
- Tropicranus W.L. Sclater, 1922 -
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- , . .; , . . . (, , , , ). .: , 845 , 1994 . ISBN 5-200-00643-0
- Dickinson, Edward C., ed. The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, 3rd ed. Princeton, NJ and Oxford, U.K.: Princeton University Press, 2003. (.)
- Forshaw, Joseph. Encyclopedia of Birds. New York: Academic Press, 1998. (.)
- Kemp, Alan C. & Woodcock, Martin (1995): The Hornbills: Bucerotiformes. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York. ISBN 0-19-857729-X (.)
- Maclean, Gordon Lindsay & Roberts, Austin (1988): Roberts' Birds of Southern Africa (Revised Edition). Hyperion Books. ISBN 1-85368-037-0 (.)
- Poonswad, P. & Kemp. A. C. (1993) Manual to the conservation of Asian hornbills. Hornbill Project, Mahidol University, Bangkok. (.)
- Tsuji, Atsuo (1996): Hornbills. Masters of Tropical Forests. pp. 194. Sarakadee Press, Bangkok. ISBN 974-8211-44-4 (.)
- Wallace, Alfred Russel (1863): «The Bucerotidæ, or Hornbills». The Intellectual Observer June 1863: 309316. (.)
- Zimmerman, Dale A., Turner, Donald A., & Pearson, David J. (1999): Birds of Kenya and Northern Tanzania (Field Guide Edition). Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-01022-6 (.)
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- -
- Les Bucerotidés - (.)
- BUCEROTIDAE (Hornbills) - (.)