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Òåððà (ñïóòíèê)

Ìàòåðèàë èç Ýíöèêëîïåäèè â ñâîáîäíîé ýíöèêëîïåäèè
Ïåðåéòè ê: íàâèãàöèÿ, ïîèñê
Òåððà
TERRA am1.jpg
Çàêàç÷èê

Ñîåäèí¸ííûå Øòàòû Àìåðèêè NASA

Ñïóòíèê

Çåìëè

Çàïóñê

18 äåêàáðÿ 1999 19:00 UTC

Ðàêåòà-íîñèòåëü

Atlas-2 AS

Ñòàðòîâàÿ ïëîùàäêà

Ñîåäèí¸ííûå Øòàòû Àìåðèêè áàçà Âàíäåíáåðã

NSSDC ID

1999-068A

SCN

25994

Òåõíè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè
Ìàññà

4864 êã

Ýëåìåíòû îðáèòû
Ýêñöåíòðèñèòåò

0

Íàêëîíåíèå

98,2°

Ïåðèîä îáðàùåíèÿ

98,1 ìèí

Àïîöåíòð

685 êì

Ïåðèöåíòð

654 êì

Ñàéò ïðîåêòà
Commons-logo.svg Èçîáðàæåíèÿ íà Ýíöèêëîñêëàäå

Òåððà (EOS AM-1) â òðàíñíàöèîíàëüíûé íàó÷íî-èññëåäîâàòåëüñêèé ñïóòíèê íà ñîëíå÷íî-ñèíõðîííîé îðáèòå âîêðóã Çåìëè, äåéñòâóþùèé ïîä ðóêîâîäñòâîì àãåíòñòâà ÍÀÑÀ.[1] Èìÿ «Òåððà» ïðîèñõîäèò îò ëàòèíñêîãî ñëîâà äëÿ Çåìëè.

Ñîäåðæàíèå

[ïðàâèòü] Ìèññèÿ

Òåððà íåñ¸ò íà áîðòó ïÿòü äèñòàíöèîííûõ çîíäîâ äëÿ íàáëþäåíèÿ çà îêðóæàþùåé ñðåäîé è èçìåíåíèÿìè êëèìàòà.[2]

  • ASTER[3], ÿïîíñêèé çîíä, ôîòîãðàôèðóþùèé Çåìëþ ñ âûñîêèì ðàçðåøåíèåì â 15 äèàïàçîíàõ ýëåêòðîìàãíèòíîãî ñïåêòðà, îò âèäèìîãî äî èíôðàêðàñíîãî èçëó÷åíèÿ. Ñ ðàçðåøåíèåì îò 15 äî 90 ìåòðîâ, èçîáðàæåíèÿ ASTER èñïîëüçóþòñÿ äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ ïîäðîáíûõ êàðò òåìïåðàòóðû ïîâåðõíîñòè çåìëè, èçëó÷àòåëüíîñòè (emissivity), îòðàæàòåëüíîñòè (reflectance), è âîçâûøåíèÿ.
  • CERES, ðàäèîìåòð.
  • MISR, 9 öèôðîâûõ ôîòîàïïàðàòîâ ïðèñïîñîáëåííûõ äëÿ èçìåðåíèÿ ñîëíå÷íîãî èçëó÷åíèÿ, îòðàæàåìîãî Çåìë¸é (êàê ïîâåðõíîñòüþ, òàê è àòìîñôåðîé) â ðàçëè÷íûõ íàïðàâëåíèÿõ è äèàïàçîíàõ ñïåêòðà.
  • MODIS[4], ôîòîãðàôèðóþùèé â 36 äèàïàçîíàõ ñïåêòðà, ñ äëèíîé âîëíû îò 0.4 ìêì äî 14.4 ìêì è ðàçðåøåíèåì îò 250 ì äî 1 êì. Ïðåäíàçíà÷åí äëÿ íàáëþäåíèÿ çà ãëîáàëüíîé äèíàìèêîé ïëàíåòû Çåìëè, ÷òî âêëþ÷àåò èçìåíåíèÿ â îáëà÷íîñòè, áþäæåò èçëó÷åíèÿ, è ïðîöåññû, ïðîèñõîäÿùèå â îêåàíàõ, íà ñóøå, è â íèæíèõ ñëîÿõ àòìîñôåðû.
  • MOPITT[5], íàáëþäàþùèé çà õàðàêòåðîì çàãðÿçíåíèÿ àòìîñôåðû.

Äàííûå ñî ñïóòíèêà ïîìîãàþò ó÷¸íûì ïîíèìàòü ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå çàãðÿçíåíèÿ âîêðóã ìèðà. Èíñòðóìåíòû Òåððà áûëè èñïîëüçîâàíû â íàó÷íûõ ðàáîòàõ, èññëåäóþùèõ òåíäåíöèè â ãëîáàëüíîì çàãðÿçíåíèè óãàðíûì ãàçîì è àýðîçîëåì.[6] Äàííûå, ñîáðàííûå ñïóòíèêîì, ñòàíóò â êîíå÷íîì ñ÷¸òå íîâûì, 15-ëåòíèì ãëîáàëüíûì áàíêîì äàííûõ.

[ïðàâèòü] Èçîáðàæåíèÿ

[ïðàâèòü] Ñì. òàêæå

[ïðàâèòü] Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ

  1. â‘ NASA: TERRA (EOS AM-1). nasa.gov. Ïðîâåðåíî 7 ÿíâàðÿ 2011.
  2. â‘ Maurer, John Overview of NASA's Terra satellite. hawaii.edu (University of Hawai'i) (2001-November). Ïðîâåðåíî 7 ÿíâàðÿ 2011.
  3. â‘ NASA EOS Terra ASTER: Volcanic topographic mapping and capability. Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (22 ÿíâàðÿ 2004). Ïðîâåðåíî 7 ÿíâàðÿ 2011.
  4. â‘ MODIS Terra Satellite Images. ucar.edu(National Center for Atmospheric Research: Earth Observatory Laboratory). Ïðîâåðåíî 7 ÿíâàðÿ 2011.
  5. â‘ MEASUREMENTS OF POLLUTION IN THE TROPOSPHERE (MOPITT). acd.ucar.edu (NESL's Atmospheric Chemistry Division). Ïðîâåðåíî 7 ÿíâàðÿ 2011.
  6. â‘ NASA's Terra Satellite Tracks Global Pollution. gsfc.nasa.gov (Goddard Space Flight Center) (18 ìàÿ 2004). Ïðîâåðåíî 7 ÿíâàðÿ 2011.

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