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́ ́, ́́ (. Magnoliophyta, Angiospermae .-. ἄγγος , σπέρμα ) , ( , ). .
, (Gymnospermae) (Spermatophytae).
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, .
. 2009 (A. D. Chapman) «Numbers of Living Species in Australia and the World», , 2009 269 , 350 [2].
, Angiosperm Phylogeny Website 2010 , 271272 , 1335013400[3].
; APG III (2009) 414 , , , 59 .
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, (Pinophyta, Gymnospermae), , , , , .
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140 . , , (220202 ). (135-65 ), - . [4]. ( 100 ). , (, , , )
. , , , , . , , , . : , , , , , Gymnospermae.
, , . , .
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. , , . 16 , , . Magnoliophyta, Magnolia. , Angiospermae Anthophyta ( ).
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«Angiospermae» 1690 , γγεῖον (, , ) σπέρμα (). , , . Gymnospermae , . , , (Didynamia). 1827 Cycadeae Coniferae, Gymnospermae. Angiospermae , , ( «» , ).
, , (1851 ), , , Gymnospermae , Angiospermae. «» «», , , (Magnoliopsida, Dicotyledones) (Liliopsida, Monocotyledones) Angiospermae. «» (Angiospermae) .
2 Magnoliopsida () Magnolia Liliopsida () Lilium. Dicotyledones Monocotyledones. , Dicotyledones ( , ), Monocotyledones .
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(Magnoliopsida, Dicotyledones) 6 , 128 , 418 , 10 000 190 000 [ 611 ].
- 1. (Magnoliidae)
- 2. (Hamamelididae)
- 3. (Caryophyllidae)
- 4. (Dilleniidae)
- 5. (Rosidae)
- 6. (Asteridae)
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(Liliopsida, Monocotyledones) 5 , 37 , 125 , 3 000 60 000 [ 611 ].
- 1. (Alismatidae)
- 2. (Liliidae)
- 3. (Commelinidae)
- 4. (Arecidae)
- 5. (Zingiberidae)
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, , .[ 758 ]
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, .
, . |
[] .
- ( The Plant List)
- ( The Plant List)
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
- APG II
- , APG II ( )
- APG III
- (APG III)
- ()
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- . : 4 . = Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen. Begründet von E. Strasburger, F. Noll, H. Schenck, A. F. W. Schimper. / 35. Auflage neubearbeitet von Peter Sitte, Elmar W. Weiler, Joachim W. Kadereit, Andreas Bresinsky, Christian Körner / . , . . , . . , . , . ʸ; . [ .]; . . . . , . . , . . .: «», 2007. . 3. / . . . , . . . . 15. 576 . 3000 . ISBN 978-5-7695-2741-8 (.). ISBN 978-5-7695-2746-3 (. 3) (.), ISBN 3-8274-1010-X (Elsevier GmbH) 58(075.8)
- A. D. Chapman. Numbers of Living Species in Australia and the World. 2nd edition (.) ( 29 2010)
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (.). . . (APG III).
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- . . / . . . ..: , 1966. 611 . 4 300 .
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009) An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III // Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society : . : 2009. . 161. № 2. . 105121. DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x
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| Angiosperm Phylogeny Group ( ., ., ., .) APG I APG II (+) APG III (+) |