GNU Free Documentation License . .

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: ,
, . ().
 
Ceres optimized.jpg
. (ACS). , .

1899 OF; 1943 XB

1 Ceres


[1]

1 1801
[2]

: June 18, 2009
(JD 2455000.5)

381 028 000
(2,5465 . .)

446 521 000
(2,9842 . .)
 (a)

413 767 000
(2,7653 . .)
 (e)

0,07934[2]

1680,5 
4,60 
 (v)

17,882 /
 (Mo)

27,448°
 (i)

10,585°[2]
9.20° to Invariable plane[3]
 (Ω)

80,399°[2]
 (ω)

2,825°[2]

487,3 ± 1.8 [4]

454,7 ± 1.6 [4]
 (m)

9,43 ± 0,07·1020 [5]
 (ρ)

2,077 /³
 (g)

0,27 /²
0,028 g[6]

3°[4]
 (α)

19 24
291°[4]
 (δ)

59°[4]

0,090 ± 0,0033 (V-band geometric)[7]
C

G[8]

6,7[9] 9,32[10]

3,36 ± 0.02[7]

0,84"[11] to 0.33"[6]
 
. . .
~167 K[12] 239 K[12]
:

,

́[13] (1 Ceres)  [14][15][16].   , 263  . 1 1801 [17]. ; 1802 [18], «» 24 2006 XXVI . .

950  (590 ), , -, (32 %) [19][20]. , , , - [7]. , , , [8]. , , [4], [21].

6,7 9,3 . , [9]. 27 2007 Dawn (20112012) (2015).

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, 1772 [17].   , 1766  , , [22][17][23]. 1781  , , 2,8 . . ( )[23][22], 1800 24 , « »[22]. , , [17][23]. , , [23].

«Della scoperta del nuovo pianeta Cerere Ferdinandea», .

1 1801 [24], « », . «87- - », , « »[17]. , [25]. 24  ( 11  1801 ), [26][27]. 24  1801  : (Barnaba Oriani) [28]. , , « , , - »[17]. . «Monatliche Correspondenz» 1801 .

( - ), - . , . 24  [25]. (   , )[29]. . 31 1801 [25][26].

260 ( 1802 ) 2613 ( , 1811 )[30][31].

[]

  (Ceres Ferdinandea), III[17][25][26]. «Ferdinandea» , . [32],   (. Δήμητρα), [33]. (Sickle variant symbol of Ceres)[34], , ; ①[25][35]. . , 1803 [36]. , ( ), [37].

[]

( ) ( )

. « », , 419  (2,8 ..) [17]. ( 2 , 3 4 ), [17][25][38].

,   [17]. 1802 «» ( )[38], :


, , (. they resemble small stars so much as hardly to be distinguished from them, even by very good telescopes)[39]


[38].

, , [40][41]. ,   , :

) , .

) [42].

[43], 24 2006 , , «» , , , «, ». , «», , , [13]. .

11 2008   «»[44], , . - , , , 1 . . +1[45]. [45].

, , . , Space.com , «, , , , »[46], , « ( )  », « » , , - [47]. , [48]. , 2006 , , , , «», 2006 « », 2006   « » « ». (2011) , « , . [] [] , , , , , 1 , », , « - 1 »[49]. , [50][51], , , , «Dawn »[52].

[]

«»: ( 0,08) (10,6°) (17°) (7°) [2]. 2,76 . .,   2,54, 2,98 . . .   4,6 . 2,77 . . (413,9  ). ~ 263,8  [53]. 9 4 [54].

, , [55]. , , , . , (1272) [55]. , -, , [56].

( ) ( ). , . . (q) (Q) . , 2 10 . .

2011 , 8 , , , , , , [57], ,     [58].

( )[59].
δe δi δθ δω δε δχ δα
1:(8×106) -0,000018 +0,000044 -0,000241 +0,000484 +0,071482 +0,000488 +3×10-7
1:(41×104) -0,000025 +0,000227 -0,027558 +0,037903 +1,446688 +0,038375 +3×10-6
1:329390 -0,000536 +0,000011 -0,106807 +0,092360 +1,887510 +0,094189 -4×10-7
1:(3085×103) +0,000069 +0,000359 -0,039992 +0,064190 +0,239440 +0,064875 +4×10-7
1:(1047,35) -0,6752 -0,5772 -52,184 +55,909 -56,053 +56,802 -2×10-4
1:(3501,6) -0,022 -0,041 -1,411 +1,290 -2,125 +1,314 -1×10-4
1:22650 +0,00025 +0,000002 -0,02712 +0,02327 -0,03735 +0,02373 +3×10-5
1:19350 +0,000013 -0,000229 -0,007816 +0,007691 -0,011239 +0,007825 -1×10-5

(Jacques Laskar) «Astronomy & Astrophysics»[60] , « , 0,2 % » « , 400 »[57][61]. .

[]

, , , . , ( 2006 2010 ). 1953 2051 ,   1814 2081 ,   767 2684[62].

[]

. .

  , [8]. Ÿ . [63]. , 2008 , , 9,4·1020 [5][63], (3.0 ± 0.2·1021 )[64], 6000 4 % . , , , , [4], 975×909 . , 2 [65], 3 [66], , , 10 [67], , , .

[]

:
1  ;
2  ;
3 

,   , . [4]. , 100 (2328 % ; 50 % )[68], , 200 , [69]. , 2002 [5][21]. , (, , , ), [5].

, , - . , . , «» . .

, «» 20032004 , 30 /

. 7- . , XX «». , . (9,07 ) ( 4°). (. ) «». , , . , 167 (106 °C), 240 (33 °C). . , , , . . , «» 1020 .

[]

. , .

Dawn (NASA), 27 2007 . 2011 «Dawn» , 2015 .

[] .

[]

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  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Yeomans, Donald K. 1 Ceres. JPL Small-Body Database Browser (July 5, 2007). 10 2009.The listed values were rounded at the magnitude of uncertainty (1-sigma).
  3. The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter (3  2009). 10 2009. (produced with Solex 10 written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also Invariable plane)
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Thomas, P. C.; Parker, J. Wm.; McFadden, L. A.; et al. (2005). «Differentiation of the asteroid Ceres as revealed by its shape». Nature 437 (7056): 224226. DOI:10.1038/nature03938. PMID 16148926. 2007-12-09.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Carry, Benoit; et al. (November 2007). «Near-Infrared Mapping and Physical Properties of the Dwarf-Planet Ceres» (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics 478: 235244. DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20078166.
  6. 1 2 Calculated based on the known parameters
  7. 1 2 3 Li, Jian-Yang; McFadden, Lucy A.; Parker, Joel Wm. (2006). «Icar.182.143.pdf Photometric analysis of 1 Ceres and surface mapping from HST observations» (PDF). Icarus 182: 143160. DOI:10.1016/j.icarus.2005.12.012. 2007-12-08.
  8. 1 2 3 Rivkin, A. S.; Volquardsen, E. L.; Clark, B. E. (2006). «The surface composition of Ceres:Discovery of carbonates and iron-rich clays» (PDF). Icarus 185: 563567. DOI:10.1016/j.icarus.2006.08.022. 2007-12-08.
  9. 1 2 Menzel, Donald H.; and Pasachoff, Jay M. A Field Guide to the Stars and Planets.  2nd.  Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1983.  P. 391.  ISBN 0395348358
  10. APmag and AngSize generated with Horizons (Ephemeris: Observer Table: Quantities = 9,13,20,29)
  11. Ceres Angular Size @ Feb 2009 Opposition: 974 km diam. / (1.58319 AU * 149 597 870 km) * 206265 = 0.84"
  12. 1 2 Saint-Pé, O.; Combes, N.; Rigaut F. (1993). «Ceres surface properties by high-resolution imaging from Earth». Icarus 105: 271281. DOI:10.1006/icar.1993.1125.
  13. 1 2 (). megabook.ru. 13 2011.
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  20. Moomaw, Bruce Ceres As An Abode Of Life. spaceblooger.com (2  2007). 6 2007.
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  22. 1 2 3 . «». 7 2011.
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  24. Hoskin Michael The Cambridge Concise History of Astronomy.  Cambridge University press, 1999.  P. 160161.  ISBN 0-521-57600-8
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  26. 1 2 3 - 1 . " ". 10 2011.
  27. . solarsystem. 7 2011.
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  29. . - . 10 2011.
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  33. All other languages but one use a variant of Ceres: Russian Tserera, Persian Seres, Japanese Keresu. The exception is Chinese, which uses 'grain-god(dess) star' (星 gǔshénxīng). Note that this is unlike the goddess Ceres, where Chinese does use the Latin name (刻斯 kèruìsī).
  34. Unicode value U+26B3
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  56. Kelley, M. S.; Gaffey, M. J. (1996). «A Genetic Study of the Ceres (Williams #67) Asteroid Family». Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 28. Bibcode: 1996BAAS...28R1097K.
  57. 1 2 . , 15 - . (15/07/2011). 16 2011.
  58. ,   , // " ". 25.07.2011. . №4 (4).
  59. . . .  14 1935.
  60. J. Laskar, M. Gastineau, J.-B. Delisle, A. Farrés and A. Fienga Strong chaos induced by close encounters with Ceres and Vesta  (.) // Astronomy & Astrophysics. 14 July 2011. . A&A 532, L4 (2011). DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201117504
  61. (18 11 12:23). 16 2011.
  62. Solex. 2009-03-03 numbers generated by Solex.
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