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- 陈(Chen Xianqing), 国派系 (The Republic of China warlord cliques discussed), 2007 revised edition
- Edward A. Mccord, The Power of the Gun, The Emergence of Modern Chinese Warlordism, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, Berkeley Los Angeles Oxford © 1993 The Regents of the University of California
- Arthur Waldron, From War to Nationalism: Chinas Turning Point, 19241925, Cambridge University Press, 1995
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- « », «-», 2010 ., ISBN 978-5-386-02069-9
- « » (La Condition humaine, 1933)
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