chown
Ìàòåðèàë èç Ýíöèêëîïåäèè â ñâîáîäíîé ýíöèêëîïåäèè
Òåêóùàÿ âåðñèÿ ñòðàíèöû ïîêà íå ïðîâåðÿëàñü îïûòíûìè ó÷àñòíèêàìè è ìîæåò çíà÷èòåëüíî îòëè÷àòüñÿ îò âåðñèè, ïðîâåðåííîé 28 àâãóñòà 2010;
ïðîâåðêè òðåáóþò 6 ïðàâîê.
chown (îò àíãë. change owner) â UNIXóòèëèòà, èçìåíÿþùàÿ âëàäåëüöà è/èëè ãðóïïó äëÿ óêàçàííûõ ôàéëîâ.  êà÷åñòâå èìåíè âëàäåëüöà/ãðóïïû áåð¸òñÿ ïåðâûé àðãóìåíò, íå ÿâëÿþùèéñÿ îïöèåé. Åñëè çàäàíî òîëüêî èìÿ ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (èëè ÷èñëîâîé èäåíòèôèêàòîð ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ), òî äàííûé ïîëüçîâàòåëü ñòàíîâèòñÿ âëàäåëüöåì êàæäîãî èç óêàçàííûõ ôàéëîâ, à ãðóïïà ýòèõ ôàéëîâ íå èçìåíÿåòñÿ. Åñëè çà èìåíåì ïîëüçîâàòåëÿ ÷åðåç äâîåòî÷èå ñëåäóåò èìÿ ãðóïïû (èëè ÷èñëîâîé èäåíòèôèêàòîð ãðóïïû), áåç ïðîáåëîâ ìåæäó íèìè, òî èçìåíÿåòñÿ òàêæå è ãðóïïà ôàéëà.
Ñîäåðæàíèå |
[ïðàâèòü] Èñïîëüçîâàíèå
- chown [-cfhvR] [--dereference] [--reference=rfile] ïîëüçîâàòåëü[:ãðóïïà] ôàéëâ
- -c, --changes
- Ïîäðîáíî îïèñûâàòü äåéñòâèå äëÿ êàæäîãî ôàéëà, âëàäåëåö êîòîðîãî äåéñòâèòåëüíî èçìåíÿåòñÿ.
- -f, --silent, --quiet
- Íå âûäàâàòü ñîîáùåíèÿ îá îøèáêàõ äëÿ ôàéëîâ, ÷åé âëàäåëåö íå ìîæåò áûòü èçìåí¸í.
- -h, --no-dereference
- Ðàáîòàòü ñ ñàìèìè ñèìâîëüíûìè ññûëêàìè, à íå ñ ôàéëàìè, íà êîòîðûå îíè óêàçûâàþò. Äàííàÿ îïöèÿ äîñòóïíà òîëüêî åñëè èìååòñÿ ñèñòåìíûé âûçîâ lchown.
- -R, --recursive
- Ðåêóðñèâíîå èçìåíåíèå âëàäåëüöà êàòàëîãîâ è èõ ñîäåðæèìîãî.
- -v, --verbose
- Ïîäðîáíîå îïèñàíèå äåéñòâèÿ (èëè îòñóòñòâèÿ äåéñòâèÿ) äëÿ êàæäîãî ôàéëà.
- --dereference
- Èçìåíèòü âëàäåëüöà ôàéëà, íà êîòîðûé óêàçûâàåò ñèìâîëüíàÿ ññûëêà, âìåñòî ñàìîé ñèìâîëüíîé ññûëêè.
- --reference=rfile
- Èçìåíèòü âëàäåëüöà ôàéëà íà òîãî, êîòîðûé ÿâëÿåòñÿ âëàäåëüöåì ôàéëà.
[ïðàâèòü] Ïðèìåðû èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ
Ïîìíèòå, ÷òî ýòè êîìàíäû äîëæíû áûòü âûïîëíåíû ñ ïðàâàìè äîñòóïà root
- Èçìåíèòü âëàäåëüöà (owner) äëÿ /var/run/httpd.pid íà 'root' (root â ñòàíäàðòíîå èìÿ äëÿ ñóïåðïîëüçîâàòåëÿ (Superuser)).
# chown root /var/run/httpd.pid
- Ïîìåíÿòü âëàäåëüöà äëÿ strace.log â 'rob' è è èäåíòèôèêàòîð ãðóïïû â 'developers'.
# chown rob:developers strace.log
- Ïîìåíÿòü èìÿ âëàäåëüöà äëÿ /tmp è /var/tmp íà â˜nobodyâ™ + ïîìåíÿòü ãðóïïó äëÿ /tmp è /var/tmp íà â˜nogroupâ™
# chown nobody:nogroup /tmp /var/tmp
- Ïîìåíÿòü èäåíòèôèêàòîð ãðóïïû äëÿ /home íà 512
# chown :512 /home
- Ïîìåíÿòü èìÿ âëàäåëüöà äëÿ base íà us è âûïîëíèòü ýòî ðåêóðñèâíî, ò.å âñåõ âëîæåííûõ â êàòàëîã base ôàéëîâ (-R).
# chown -R us base
- Ïîìåíÿòü âëàäåëüöà äëÿ noodlefrytasticy íà mein.
# chown mein noodlefrytasticy
[ïðàâèòü] Ñì. òàêæå
[ïðàâèòü] Ññûëêè
chown(1)â ñòðàíèöà ñïðàâêè man ïî ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèì êîìàíäàì GNU/Linux (àíãë.) (ñì. GNU Coreutils)chown(8)â ñòðàíèöà ñïðàâêè man ñèñòåìíîãî àäìèíèñòðàòîðà FreeBSD (àíãë.)
| Ñòàíäàðòíûå ïðîãðàììû UNIX (âñå ïðîãðàììû) | |
|---|---|
| Ôàéëîâûå ñèñòåìû | chroot dd df fdisk fsck mkisofs mkswap mount umount rehash |
| Ôàéëû è êàòàëîãè | cat chattr cd chmod chown chgrp cksum cmp cp diff du file fuser ln ls lsof mkdir mv od pwd rm rmdir split touch |
| Ïðîöåññû | at cron exit kill killall nice nohup pgrep pidof pkill ps renice sleep time top wait watch |
| Ïîëüçîâàòåëè | env finger id last logname mesg passwd su sudo uptime w wall who whoami write |
| Ñåòü | ftp host ifconfig netcat netstat nmap nslookup ping rlogin SSH traceroute wget |
| Òåêñòû | AWK comm cut ed ex expand unexpand fmt head iconv join less more paste pr sed sort tac tail tr uniq wc xargs |
| Êîìàíäíàÿ ñòðîêà | alias basename bash bind dirname echo expr false printf test true unset |
| Ïîèñê | find grep strings whereis which |
| Ðàçíîå | banner bc cal date help lp man history size tee uname yes reboot |
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Äëÿ óëó÷øåíèÿ ýòîé ñòàòüè æåëàòåëüíî?:
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