GNU Free Documentation License . .

( «Fortran»)
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:

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1957
():

:

,

:

GFortran, Open Watcom, Sun Studio, XL Fortran, Intel Fortran
:

ALGOL 68, PL/I

́ (Fortran)  , . 1954 1957 IBM ( , , 1945 , 2000 ). Fortran FORmula TRANslator ( ). .   .[1] , , , , , , , , , .   IMSL (.).

: , , . , , , FORTRAN- .

(Fortran 95 Fortran 2003) , , , , .

[]

  , . , [2].

FORTRAN 66 (1972)
IBM FORTRAN IV
FORTRAN 77 (1980)
:[2]
  1. (OPEN, CLOSE)   PRINT.
  2. .
  3. IF IF THEN  ELSE IF THEN  END IF, INCLUDE.
  4. .
  5. 3 7. .
  6. .
  7. ( , ). , , - - READ WRITE[3].
Fortran 90 (1991)
.[3]
  1. . IMPLICIT NONE, TYPE, ALLOCATABLE, POINTER, TARGET, NAMELIST.
  2. . DO END DO ( ), DO WHILE, CYCLE, SELECT CASE ( IF GOTO), , END[2].
  3. ( ).
  4. (ALLOCATE, DEALLOCATE, NULLIFY).
  5. MODULE, PRIVATE, PUBLIC, CONTAINS, INTERFACE, USE, INTENT.
  6. ( ), . WHERE ( ). , , .
  7. , , , , . .
  8. , . : ALL(. ) MASK( ), COUNT( ), PRODUC( ), SUM( ), DOT_PRODUCT ( ), MATMUL ( ). , .
  9. [4]. . , .
  10. , , TRIM ( ) REPEAT( ) .
Fortran 95 (1997)
. FORALL, , WHERE, . FORALL WHERE, , . , , , [3].
Fortran 2003 (2004)
. . :[2]
  1. - .
  2. C.
  3. [5].
Fortran 2008
(Co-Arrays Fortran)[2][6]. 15, [2] .

[]

, IBM. IBM VS Fortran[7] IBM System z, 1964 , XL Fortran[8] PowerPC  AIX, Linux Blue Gene ( Mac OS X, Macintosh PowerPC). , IBM . IBM Fortran XL Absoft, - IBM, Absoft Pro Fortran PowerPC (Linux, Mac OS X) Intel (Linux, Mac OS X, Windows)[9].

1997 IBM PC «Microsoft». . «DEC», 1998 «Compaq» 2002 «HP».

«DEC» , Digital Visual Fortran, Microsoft Visual Studio. FPS 4.0 (Microsoft Fortran Power Station), DVF 5.0 6.0. . , Compaq HP. HP 6.6 Intel/win32. HP.

«Lahey», Windows Linux.

PC «Watcom», Open Watcom .

Intel  Intel Fortran Compiler, Intel IA-32, x86_64 IA-64.

Sun Microsystems ( Oracle), Sun Studio, SPARC, x86 x86-64[10] Solaris, OpenSolaris GNU/Linux.

GNU -77 g77, GCC. GFortran, -95 -2003 -2008. -77. g95 GCC -95.

[]

, , . , . , , - .

.

. , 1- ( C), 1- 5- , 7- 72- . 73- 80- ( ) , . ( 7- 72- ), 6- , . () . , .

, Fortran 90, , , . , , , C Java.

« » , GOTO, , / FORMAT. GOTO .

, (, Java) .

, DO END DO, DO WHILE, SELECT CASE. , GOTO, . GOTO, ENTRY  , .

. :

real,dimension(:,:) :: V
...
allocate(V(-2:2,0:10))  !    ,    
                        !     -2  2 ( )
                        !   0  10 - 
...
V(2,2:3)=V(-1:0,1)      !   
write(*,*)V(1,:)        !     V,     1.
deallocate(V)

[] Hello, World!

( «» 1 6):

PROGRAM hello
PRINT*, 'Hello, World!'
END

:

program hello
print *, "Hello, World!"
end
.
  • PROGRAM . , -  END.
  • . , .

[]

, , . , (LAPACK, IMSL, BLAS), (MPI, pvm), (Quickwin, FORTRAN/TK) (Oracle).

[]

, , . ( . .) CERN, 1960- [11].

1967 -2, . 1968 - -6.   , . , 1972 , («» IBM/360 ).

1970x (« »)[12].

[]

  1. ., : Netlib Repository at UTK and ORNL
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 . . . (19572007) // , 2008, . 9, . 53-71
  3. 1 2 3 .. .  .: , 2005.  ISBN 5-86404-113-0
  4. . . . -
  5. . . , . . . Visual Fortran.  .: « », 2008.  448 .  ISBN 5-8243-0759-8
  6. . .
  7. VS FORTRAN
  8. XL Fortran for Linux
  9. Absoft Pro Fortran Compiler Suites General Overview
  10. Sun Studio  Benchmarks

[]

[]

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IEC 61131-3
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