Mayhem
| Mayhem | |
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| Îñíîâíàÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ | |
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| Æàíðû | |
| Ãîäû | |
| Ñòðàíà | |
| Îòêóäà | |
| Äðóãèå íàçâàíèÿ |
The True Mayhem |
| Ëåéáë | |
| Ñîñòàâ | |
| Áûâøèå ó÷àñòíèêè |
Åâðîíèìóñ |
| http://www.thetruemayhem.com | |
Mayhem â íîðâåæñêàÿ áëýê-ìåòàëè÷åñêàÿ ãðóïïà, îáðàçîâàííàÿ â 1983 ãîäó. ßâëÿþòñÿ îäíèìè èç îñíîâàòåëåé ñòèëÿ è ñèìâîëîì true black metal. Ãðóïïà ïðèîáðåëà ñòàòóñ êóëüòîâîé ïîñëå òîãî êàê ïîãèáëè å¸ èäåéíûå ëèäåðû â âîêàëèñò Ïåð Èíãâå Îëèí, òàêæå èçâåñòíûé ïîä ïñåâäîíèìîì Äýä (8 àïðåëÿ 1991 ãîäà îí ñîâåðøèë ñàìîóáèéñòâî) è ãèòàðèñò Ýéñòåí Îðñåò, òàêæå èçâåñòíûé ïîä ïñåâäîíèìîì Åâðîíèìóñ, êîòîðûé áûë óáèò Âàðãîì Âèêåðíåñîì 10 àâãóñòà 1993 ãîäà. Ïîñëå èçäàíèÿ ñâîåãî ïåðâîãî ïîëíîôîðìàòíîãî àëüáîìà De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas (1994) ãðóïïà ðàñïàëàñü è áûëà âîçðîæäåíà â 1995 ãîäó Hellhammerâ™îì, Maniacâ™îì, Necrobutcherâ™îì è Blasphemerâ™îì.  íîâîì ñîñòàâå Mayhem îòîøëè îò êëàññè÷åñêîãî áëýê-ìåòàëà; èõ ïîçäíèå ðàáîòû ÿâëÿþòñÿ îäíèìè èç ïåðâûõ îáðàçöîâ òîãî, ÷òî ïîçäíåå íàçîâóò «ïîñò-áëýê-ìåòàë».
Íàçâàíèå ãðóïïû âçÿòî èç ïåñíè Venom «Mayhem with Mercy».
Ñîäåðæàíèå |
[ïðàâèòü] Áèîãðàôèÿ
[ïðàâèòü] Ñîçäàíèå ãðóïïû
Ãðóïïà Mayhem áûëà îñíîâàíà â Îñëî â 1983 ã. ãèòàðèñòîì Ýéñòåéíîì Îðñåòîì (áîëåå èçâåñòåí êàê Åâðîíèìóñ), áàñ-ãèòàðèñòîì Éîðíîì Ñòóááåðóäîì (ïñåâäîíèì Necrobutcher) è óäàðíèêîì Êüåòèëîì Ìàíõåéìîì. Ñíà÷àëà âîêàëèñòîì áûë Åâðîíèìóñ, íåíàäîëãî íà ýòó ðîëü âçÿëè Ýðèêà Íîðäõåéìà (Messiah), à ñ 1985 ã. ïîñòîÿííûì âîêàëèñòîì ñòàë Ñâåí Ýðèê Êðèñòèàíñåí (Maniac).  ýòîì ñîñòàâå Mayhem çàïèñàëè äåìî Pure Fucking Armageddon è ìèíè-àëüáîì Deathcrush. Ïëàñòèíêè âûøëè â 1986 ã. è 1987 ã. ñîîòâåòñòâåííî íà ëåéáëå Euronumousâ™à, êîòîðîé íàçûâàëñÿ Posercorpse Music (ïîçæå ïåðåèìåíîâàí â Deathlike Silence Productions). Mayhem íà÷èíàëè êàê òèïè÷íàÿ äýò-ìåòàë-ãðóïïà, îñíîâíîé òåìîé êîòîðîé áûëè ñìåðòü è íàñèëèå. Íî ñêîðî â òåêñòû äîáàâèëèñü ìîòèâû ñêàíäèíàâñêîãî ÿçû÷åñòâà è ñàòàíèçìà, ê êîòîðîìó òÿãîòåë Åâðîíèìóñ.
 1987 ã. èç ãðóïïû óøëè Ìàíõåéì è Maniac (ïîñëåäíåãî ïîìåñòèëè â ïñèõèàòðè÷åñêóþ áîëüíèöó ïîñëå ïîïûòêè ñàìîóáèéñòâà).  ñëåä. ãîäó èõ çàìåíèëè ñîîòâåòñòâåííî Õåëëõàììåð (ßí Àêñåëü Áëîìáåðã) è øâåä Ïåð Èíãâå Îëèí (Äýä). Äýä ñòàë îäíèì èç ñèìâîëîâ ãðóïïû è áëýê-ìåòàëà âîîáùå, à ñêîðîå ñàìîóáèéñòâî îêîí÷àòåëüíî ñäåëàëî åãî êóëüòîâîé ôèãóðîé. Îí áûë íàñòîëüêî îäåðæèì ñìåðòüþ, ÷òî îäåâàëñÿ â ëîõìîòüÿ è êðàñèë ñåáå ëèöî, ÷òîáû ïîõîäèòü íà ìåðòâåöà (êîðïñïýéíò), è íàíîñèë ñåáå ðàíû íîæîì è äð. ïðåäìåòàìè âî âðåìÿ êîíöåðòîâ. Êðîìå òîãî, îí îáëàäàë óíèêàëüíûì ãîëîñîì, áîëüøå ïîõîæèì íà ð¸â. Îäèí èç êîíöåðòîâ, ñûãðàííûé â ýòîì ñîñòàâå â Ëåéïöèãå, âïîñëåäñòâèè áûë èçäàí êàê îôèöèàëüíûé êîíöåðòíûé àëüáîì Live in Leipzig.  ýòîì æå ñîñòàâå ãðóïïà íà÷àëà ðàáîòàòü íàä çàïèñüþ ïåðâîãî ñòóäèéíîãî àëüáîìà De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas.
[ïðàâèòü] Ãèáåëü Äýäà è Åâðîíèìóñà
Äýä ïîêîí÷èë ñ ñîáîé 8 àïðåëÿ 1991 ã., âûñòðåëèâ ñåáå â ãîëîâó èç ðóæüÿ (ïàòðîíû, ïðè ïîìîùè êîòîðûõ îí ñîâåðøèë ñàìîóáèéñòâî, áûëè ïîäàðêîì Âàðãà Âèêåðíåñà). Ïåðâûì òåëî îáíàðóæèë Åâðîíèìóñ, êîòîðûé ñäåëàë íåñêîëüêî ôîòîãðàôèé òðóïà. Îäíà èç íèõ ïîçäíåå áûëà ïîìåùåíà íà îáëîæêó áóòëåãà Dawn of the Black Hearts. Ïî ñëóõàì, Åâðîíèìóñ òàêæå ñúåë ÷àñòè÷êè ìîçãà è âçÿë ñåáå íà ïàìÿòü êóñî÷êè ÷åðåïà Äýäà.
 òîì æå (1991) ãîäó ãðóïïó ïîêèíóë áàñ-ãèòàðèñò Necrobutcher, êîòîðîãî çàìåíèë Âàðã Âèêåðíåñ, èãðàâøèé â Mayhem ïîä ïñåâäîíèìîì Count Grishnackh. Îí áûë íåñêîëüêî ëåò çíàêîì ñ Åâðîíèìóñîì è èçäàë íåêîòîðûå çàïèñè ñâîåãî ïðîåêòà Burzum íà åãî ëåéáëå. Âìåñòå ñ ñåññèîííûì âîêàëèñòîì Àòòèëîé ×èõàðîì (ëèäåðîì âåíãåðñêîé ãðóïïû Tormentor, îäíèì èç ïèîíåðîâ áëýê-ìåòàëà) Mayhem âîçîáíîâèëè ðàáîòó íàä De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas.
10 àâãóñòà 1993 ãîäà Âàðã Âèêåðíåñ è åãî äðóã Ñíîððå Ðóõ (ñîçäàòåëü ïðîåêòà Thorns) ïðèåõàëè èç Áåðãåíà â Îñëî ê Åâðîíèìóñó, ãäå ïîñëå ññîðû Âèêåðíåñ íàí¸ñ Åâðîíèìóñó óäàðû íîæîì, êîòîðûé îí âñåãäà íîñèë ñ ñîáîé, ñìåðòåëüíûé óäàð ïðèøåëñÿ â ãîëîâó. Î òîì, ÷òî ìîãëî ïðèâåñòè ê óáèéñòâó, ñïîðÿò äî ñèõ ïîð, â ÷àñòíîñòè, â êà÷åñòâå ïðè÷èí íàçûâàþò êîíôëèêò Âàðãà è Åâðîíèìóñà ïî ïîâîäó äîõîäîâ îò ïðîäàæè äèñêîâ Burzum è áîðüáó çà ëèäåðñòâî â ñàòàíèíñêîé îðãàíèçàöèè The Inner Black Circle of Norway, êîòîðóþ âîçãëàâëÿë Åâðîíèìóñ è â êîòîðóþ âõîäèëè Âèêåðíåñ è ðÿä äðóãèõ ìóçûêàíòîâ. Ñàì Âèêåðíåñ ïîçäíåå ïèñàë, ÷òî Åâðîíèìóñ ïëàíèðîâàë åãî óáèéñòâî è ÷òî Âèêåðíåñ ôàêòè÷åñêè ïðèáåãíóë ê ñàìîîáîðîíå, à áîëüøèíñòâî èç ðàí íà òåëå Åâðîíèìóñà îáðàçîâàëèñü îò ïàäåíèÿ íà îñêîëêè ñòåêëà ïðè ñêàòûâàíèè ñ ëåñòíèöû, à íå áûëè íàíåñåíû Âèêåðíåñîì.[1] ×åðåç äâà äíÿ îí áûë àðåñòîâàí, è ãðóïïà de facto ïðåêðàòèëà ñóùåñòâîâàíèå.
Ñîáûòèÿ, ïîñëåäîâàâøèå çà óáèéñòâîì Åâðîíèìóñà, áóðíî îñâåùàëèñü â íîðâåæñêîé ïðåññå.  ðåçóëüòàòå ýòîãî áëýê-ìåòàë ïåðåñòàë áûòü óäåëîì íåìíîãî÷èñëåííûõ ñàòàíèñòîâ è ÿçû÷íèêîâ è ïðèîáð¸ë îòíîñèòåëüíóþ èçâåñòíîñòü â ñðåäå ïîêëîííèêîâ ýêñòðåìàëüíîé ìóçûêè.
[ïðàâèòü] Âîçðîæäåíèå ãðóïïû
Àëüáîì De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas âûøåë â 1994 ã. Çàäåðæêà áûëà âûçâàíà òåì, ÷òî ðîäèòåëè Åâðîíèìóñà íå õîòåëè âèäåòü íà àëüáîìå èìÿ Âàðãà Âèêåðíåñà è íàñòàèâàëè íà òîì, ÷òîáû Hellhamer ïåðåïèñàë ïàðòèè áàñ-ãèòàðû. Ïîñêîëüêó îí íå óìåë èãðàòü íà áàñó, íà àëüáîìå îñòàëèñü ïàðòèè, çàïèñàííûå Âèêåðíåñîì, íî â áóêëåòå â êà÷åñòâå ìóçûêàíòîâ çíà÷èëèñü òîëüêî Õåëëõàììåð è Åâðîíèìóñ.[2]
 ñëåäóþùåì ãîäó ãðóïïà áûëà âíîâü ñôîðìèðîâàíà. Ïîìèìî Õåëëõàììåðà â íå¸ âîøëè ðàíåå âûñòóïàâøèå â Mayhem áàñèñò Necrobutcher è âîêàëèñò Maniac, à òàêæå íîâûé ãèòàðèñò Ðóíå Ýðèêñîí (Blasphemer) èç ãðóïïû Aura Noir. Èõ ïåðâîé ñîâìåñòíîé çàïèñüþ ñòàë ìèíè-àëüáîì Wolf's Lair Abyss, êîòîðûé ðàçèòåëüíî îòëè÷àëñÿ îò ïðåäûäóùèõ ðàáîò êàê ãîðàçäî áîëåå òåõíè÷íîé èãðîé, òàê è ÷èñòûì âîêàëîì Maniacâ™à. Íà ñëåäóþùåì àëüáîìå â Grand Declaration of War â ãðóïïà ïðîäîëæèëà äâèæåíèå â ñòîðîíó àâàíãàðäíîãî ìåòàëà. Îòõîä îò çâó÷àíèÿ íà÷àëà 90-õ ðàçäåëèë ïîêëîííèêîâ ãðóïïû íà äâà ëàãåðÿ. Îäíè ïðåâîçíîñèëè Mayhem âðåì¸í Äýäà è Åâðîíèìóñà êàê ãðóïïó, ñîçäàâøóþ ëó÷øèå îáðàçöû áëýê-ìåòàëà, è êðèòèêîâàëè íîâûé ñîñòàâ çà èçìåíó ïðîøëîìó, â òî âðåìÿ êàê äðóãèå ïðèíÿëè íîâûõ Mayhem.  2004 ã. âûøåë àëüáîì Chimera, êîòîðûé áûë çàìåòíî òÿæåëåå ïðåäûäóùèõ ðàáîò, íî ñîõðàíèë ýëåìåíòû àâàíãàðäà.  òîì æå ãîäó Maniac áûë âûíóæäåí ïîêèíóòü ãðóïïó, è åìó íà çàìåíó ïðèãëàñèëè Àòòèëó ×èõàðà.
Ïîñëåäíèé íà äàííûé ìîìåíò àëüáîì â Ordo Ad Chao â âûøåë 16 àïðåëÿ 2007 ã. Ìàòåðèàë ýòîãî àëüáîìà âíîâü ðàçèòåëüíî îòëè÷àåòñÿ îò ïðåæíåãî òâîð÷åñòâà õàîòè÷íîé ñòðóêòóðîé êîìïîçèöèé, íî ãëàâíîå â íàðî÷èòî íèçêèì êà÷åñòâîì çâóêà. Îí ñòàðòîâàë â íîðâåæñêîì ÷àðòå íà ðåêîðäíîì äëÿ Mayhem 12-ì ìåñòå.[3]
 2008 ãîäó ãðóïïó ïîêèíóë Blasphemer[4].  äàëüíåéøåì Mayhem âûñòóïàëè ñ äâóìÿ êîíöåðòíûìè ãèòàðèñòàìè, Morfeus è Silmaeth. 16 íîÿáðÿ 2009 ãîäà ìóçûêàíòû Mayhem âìåñòå ñ òóð-êîìàíäîé áûëè àðåñòîâàíû çà ðàçãðîì îòåëÿ â ãîëëàíäñêîì Òèëáóðãå. Óùåðá, íàíåñåííûé ãîñòèíèöå, ñîñòàâèë îêîëî 5000 åâðî[5][6].
 ñåíòÿáðå 2010 ãîäà Mayhem âïåðâûå îòûãðàëè øîó â Íîâîé Çåëàíäèè â ðàìêàõ àâñòðàëèéñêîãî òóðíå. Íîðâåæñêèé ãèòàðèñò Teloch çàìåíèë Silmaeth â ôåâðàëå 2011 ãîäà.
[ïðàâèòü] Ñîñòàâû
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[ïðàâèòü] Èçäàíèÿ
[ïðàâèòü] Äèñêîãðàôèÿ
| Ãîä | Íàçâàíèå | Ñîñòàâ | Ëåéáë |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Pure Fucking Armageddon (äåìî) |
Euronymous (R.I.P.) â ãèòàðà Necrobutcher â áàñ Manheim â óäàðíûå Maniac â âîêàë |
Funny Fram |
| 1987 | Deathcrush (äåìî) |
Euronymous (R.I.P.) â ãèòàðà Necrobutcher â áàñ Manheim â óäàðíûå Maniac â âîêàë Messiah â ñåññèîííûé âîêàë |
Posercorpse Music |
| 1993 | Live in Leipzig (êîíöåðòíûé) |
Euronymous (R.I.P.) â ãèòàðà Necrobutcher â áàñ Hellhammer â óäàðíûå Dead (R.I.P.) â âîêàë |
Obscure Plasma Records |
| 1994 | A Tribute To The Black Emperors | Euronymous (R.I.P.) â ãèòàðà Hellhammer â óäàðíûå Dead (R.I.P.) â âîêàë â Mayhem è Morbid Necrobutcher â áàñ |
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| 1994 | De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas | Euronymous (R.I.P.) â ãèòàðà Hellhammer â áàñ, óäàðíûå Attila Csihar â âîêàë Count Grishnackh -áàñ Dead (R.I.P.) -òåêñò |
Deathlike Silence Productions |
| 1996 | Out from the Dark (ìèíè-àëüáîì) |
Black Metal Records | |
| 1996 | Freezing Moon (ñèíãë) |
Black Metal Records | |
| 1997 | Wolf's Lair Abyss (ìèíè-àëüáîì) |
Hellhammer â óäàðíûå Maniac â âîêàë Necrobutcher â áàñ Blasphemer â ãèòàðà |
Misanthropy Records |
| 1997 | Ancient Skin / Necrolust (ñèíãë) |
Misanthropy Records | |
| 1999 | Necrolust / Total Warfare (ñïëèò ñ Zyklon-B) |
Vinyl Collector Records | |
| 1999 | Mediolanum Capta Est (êîíöåðòíûé) |
Necrobutcher â áàñ Maniac â âîêàë Hellhammer â óäàðíûå Blasphemer â ãèòàðà |
Avantgarde Music |
| 2000 | Grand Declaration of War | Hellhammer â óäàðíûå Maniac â âîêàë Necrobutcher â áàñ Blasphemer â ãèòàðà |
Season of Mist Necropolis |
| 2001 | European Legions (ñáîðíèê) |
Season of Mist | |
| 2001 | Live in Marseille 2000 (êîíöåðòíûé) |
Maniac â âîêàë Hellhammer â óäàðíûå Necrobutcher â áàñ Blasphemer â ãèòàðà |
Season of Mist |
| 2001 | U.S. Legions (ñáîðíèê) |
Renegade Records | |
| 2002 | Jihad / Freezing Moon (ñïëèò ñ Meads of Asphodel) |
Supernal Music | |
| 2002 | The Studio Experience (vinyl box set) |
Season of Mist | |
| 2004 | Chimera | Maniac â âîêàë Hellhammer â óäàðíûå Necrobutcher â áàñ Blasphemer â ãèòàðà |
Season of Mist |
| 2007 | Ordo Ad Chao | Attila Csihar â âîêàë Blasphemer â ãèòàðà Necrobutcher â áàñ Hellhammer â óäàðíûå |
Season of Mist |
[ïðàâèòü] Âèäåî
| Ãîä | Íàçâàíèå | Ëåéáë |
|---|---|---|
| 1998 | Live in Bischofswerda 21st June 1997 (VHS) |
Misanthropy Records |
| 2001 | European Legions: Live In Marseille 2000 (VHS) |
Season of Mist |
[ïðàâèòü] Ïðèìå÷àíèÿ
- â‘ Óáèéñòâî Åâðîíèìóñà â èçëîæåíèè Âàðãà Âèêåðíåñà
- â‘ Àëüáîì De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas íà Metal-archives.com
- â‘ Blabbermouth.net
- â‘ Àòòèëà: «Â ìåð÷å MAYHEM åñòü íàöèñòñêàÿ ñèìâîëèêà»
- â‘ Metalband vernielt Tilburgse hotelkamer. Radio Netherlands Worldwide (16 íîÿáðÿ 2009). Àðõèâèðîâàíî èç ïåðâîèñòî÷íèêà 25 àâãóñòà 2011. Ïðîâåðåíî 19 îêòÿáðÿ 2010.
- â‘ Mayhem íà ñàéòå Hitkiller.com
[ïðàâèòü] Ññûëêè
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Mayhem íà Ýíöèêëîñêëàäå? |
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- Ñàéòû è ðåñóðñû
- Îôèöèàëüíûé ñàéò (àíãë.)
- Îôèöèàëüíûé ôîðóì (àíãë.)
- Mayhem (àíãë.) íà ñàéòå Rate Your Music
- Mayhem (àíãë.) íà ñàéòå Discogs
- Mayhem íà ñàéòå Season of Mist (àíãë.)
- Mayhem íà ñàéòå Supernal Music (àíãë.)
- Mayhem íà Encyclopaedia Metallum (àíãë.)
- Ïðîåêò Maniacâ™à Skitliv íà Encyclopaedia Metallum (àíãë.)
- Ïðîôèëü Mayhem íà Last.fm
- Èíòåðâüþ
| Mayhem | |
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Àòòèëà ×èõàð | Íåêðîáóò÷åð | Õåëëõàììåð |
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| Àëüáîìû è EP | De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas | Wolf's Lair Abyss | Grand Declaration of War | Chimera | Ordo Ad Chao |
| Êîíöåðòíûå | Live in Leipzig | Dawn of the Black Hearts (áóòëåã) | Out from the Dark | Mediolanum Capta Est |
| Ñáîðíèêè | A Tribute to the Black Emperors | European Legions/U.S. Legions | Legions of War | The Studio Experience |
| Äåìî è ñèíãëû | Pure Fucking Armageddon | Deathcrush | Freezing Moon/Carnage | Ancient Skin/Necrolust |
| Ñïëèò-àëüáîìû | Necrolust/Total Warfare (ñ Zyklon-B) | Jihad/Freezing Moon (ñ Meads of Asphodel) |
| Âèäåîãðàôèÿ | Live In Bischofswerda | European Legions: Live In Marseille 2000 | Mayhem â Cult of Aggression (äîêóìåíòàëüíûé) | Pure Fucking Mayhem (äîêóìåíòàëüíûé) |
