Pentium Pro
| << Pentium Pro >> Öåíòðàëüíûé ïðîöåññîð |
|
Intel Pentium Pro ñ êýøåì-L2 îáúåìîì 512Êá |
|
| Ïðîèçâîäñòâî: | ñ 1995 ïî 1997 ãîä |
| Ïðîèçâîäèòåëü: | Intel |
| ×àñòîòà ÖÏ: | 150 â 200 ÌÃö |
| ×àñòîòà FSB: | 60 â 66 ÌÃö |
| Òåõíîëîãèÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâà: |
600 â 350 íì |
| Íàáîðû èíñòðóêöèé: | IA-32 |
| Ðàçú¸ì: | Socket 8 |
Pentium Pro (ïðîèçíîñèòñÿ: Ïåíòèóì Ïðî) â ïðîöåññîð Intel øåñòîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ, ñîâìåñòèìûé ñ àðõèòåêòóðîé x86. Ïðîöåññîð áûë àíîíñèðîâàí 1 íîÿáðÿ 1995 ãîäà, îäíàêî äîñòóïåí ñòàë íåñêîëüêî ïîçæå. Ïåðâîíà÷àëüíî ïëàíèðîâàëîñü çàìåíèòü ýòèì ïðîöåññîðîì âñþ ëèíåéêó Pentium, íî â äàëüíåéøåì îò ýòèõ ïëàíîâ Intel îòêàçàëàñü è ïðîöåññîð ïîçèöèîíèðîâàëñÿ, â îñíîâíîì, êàê ïðîöåññîð äëÿ ñåðâåðîâ è ðàáî÷èõ ñòàíöèé. Êðîìå òîãî, ïðîöåññîð ìîã áûòü èñïîëüçîâàí ïðè ñáîðêå ìíîãîïðîöåññîðíîé êîíôèãóðàöèè (äî 4-õ ïðîöåññîðîâ).
Ñîäåðæàíèå |
[ïðàâèòü] Ìîäåëè
Ïðîöåññîðû, âûïóùåííûå ïîä ìàðêîé Pentium Pro, âûïóñêàëèñü òîëüêî íà îäíîì ÿäðå, èçâåñòíûì ïîä êîäîâûì íàçâàíèåì P6 (íàçâàíèå óêàçûâàëî íà ïðèíàäëåæíîñòü ïðîöåññîðà ê øåñòîìó ïîêîëåíèþ). Áûëè âûïóùåíû ìîäåëè ñ òàêòîâîé ÷àñòîòîé 150, 166, 180 è 200 ÌÃö. Òàêæå áûë âûïóùåí èíæåíåðíûé îáðàçåö ñ ÷àñòîòîé 133 ÌÃö, îäíàêî â øèðîêóþ ïðîäàæó îí íå ïîñòóïèë.
[ïðàâèòü] P6
Íåñìîòðÿ íà íàçâàíèå Pentium ýòî ÿäðî ñèëüíî îòëè÷àëîñü îò âñåõ ïðåäûäóùèõ. Ïîìèìî àáñîëþòíî íîâîé àðõèòåêòóðû, ðàçðàáîòàííîé íåçàâèñèìî îò ïðîöåññîðîâ ïÿòîãî ïîêîëåíèÿ, ýòîò ïðîöåññîð îòëè÷àëî ïðèìåíåíèå òåõíîëîãèè äèíàìè÷åñêîãî èñïîëíåíèÿ (èçìåíåíèÿ ïîðÿäêà èñïîëíåíèÿ èíñòðóêöèé) è àðõèòåêòóðà äâîéíîé íåçàâèñèìîé øèíû (DIB), áëàãîäàðÿ ÷åìó ñíÿòû îãðàíè÷åíèÿ íà ïðîïóñêíóþ ñïîñîáíîñòü ïàìÿòè. Ïðîöåññîð áûë çàêëþ÷åí â 387-êîíòàêòíûé êîðïóñ òèïà SPGA, óñòàíàâëèâàåìûé â Socket 8, êîòîðûé ìåõàíè÷åñêè íå áûë ñîâìåñòèì íè ñ îäíèì ðàíåå âûïóñêàâøèìñÿ ðàçúåìîì. Socket 8 ðàçðàáàòûâàëñÿ ñ ó÷åòîì òîãî, ÷òîáû îáúåäèíèòü äî 4-õ ïðîöåññîðîâ â ìíîãîïðîöåññîðíóþ ñòðóêòóðó MPS.  îäíîì êîðïóñå ðàçìåùàëîñü ñðàçó äâà êðèñòàëëà â ñàìî ÿäðî ïðîöåññîðà è êýø-ïàìÿòü L2. Êðîìå òîãî, áûëà äîáàâëåíà åù¸ îäíà øèíà, êîòîðàÿ ñîåäèíÿëà ïðîöåññîð ñ êýøåì L2.  ðåçóëüòàòå âñåãî ýòîãî áûë âïåðâûå ïðèìåí¸í êýø L2, ðàáîòàþùèé íà ÷àñòîòå ÿäðà. Êýø ïåðâîãî óðîâíÿ ñîñòàâëÿë 16Êá, à êýø L2 ïåðâîíà÷àëüíî èìåë ðàçìåð 256Êá (òàê æå âûïóñêàëñÿ ïðîöåññîð Pentium Pro 200 ñ êýøåì L2 îáúåìîì 512Êá), îäíàêî, 18 àâãóñòà 1997 ãîäà áûë àíîíñèðîâàí ïðîöåññîð Pentium Pro 200 ñ 1Ìá êýøà L2 íà áîðòó. Pentium Pro áûë î÷åíü äîðîãèì (Pentium Pro 200 ñ 1Ìá L2 ïåðâîíà÷àëüíî ñòîèë $2650) ââèäó òîãî, ÷òî òåïåðü â êîðïóñå íàõîäèëàñü äîðîãàÿ ïî ñåáåñòîèìîñòè êýø-ïàìÿòü L2. Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèíû àäðåñà òåïåðü ñîñòàâëÿëà 36 áèò.
Ñëåäóåò îòìåòèòü, ÷òî Pentium Pro íå ïîääåðæèâàë òåõíîëîãèþ MMX. Ïðè 32-áèòíûõ âû÷èñëåíèÿõ è ìíîãîçàäà÷íîñòè îí çíà÷èòåëüíî ïðåâîñõîäèë ïî ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòè Pentium, íî â 16-áèòíûõ ïðèëîæåíèÿõ ïðîèãðûâàë åìó. Âî ìíîãîì ïîýòîìó ìíîãèå äîìàøíèå ïîëüçîâàòåëè õîëîäíî âñòðåòèëè Pentium Pro (òîãäà âñå åù¸ áûëà ïîïóëÿðíà 16-áèòíàÿ îïåðàöèîííàÿ ñèñòåìà Windows 3.1 è MS-DOS).
[ïðàâèòü] Òåõíè÷åñêèå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ÿäðà P6
- Äàòà àíîíñà ïåðâîé ìîäåëè: 1 íîÿáðÿ 1995 ãîäà
- Òàêòîâûå ÷àñòîòû (ÌÃö): 150, 166, 180, 200
- ×àñòîòà ñèñòåìíîé øèíû (FSB) (ÌÃö): 60, 66
- Ðàçìåð êýøà L1 (Êáàéò): 8 (äëÿ äàííûõ)+8 (äëÿ èíñòðóêöèé)
- Íàïðÿæåíèå ïèòàíèÿ: 3,1 èëè 3,3 Â
- Êîëè÷åñòâî òðàíçèñòîðîâ â ÿäðå (ìëí.): 5,5
- Ïëîùàäü êðèñòàëëà ÿäðà (êâ. ìì): 195 èëè 306
- Àäðåñóåìàÿ ïàìÿòü: 64 Ãáàéò
- Ðàçðÿäíîñòü ðåãèñòðîâ: 32
- Ðàçðÿäíîñòü âíåøíåé øèíû: 64
- Ðàçðÿäíîñòü øèíû àäðåñà: 36
- Ðàçìåð êýøà L2(Êáàéò): 256 Êáàéò (äëÿ Pentium Pro 200 òàêæå 512Êá è 1Ìá)
- Ìàêñèìàëüíîå òåïëîâûäåëåíèå (Âò): 47
- Òåõïðîöåññ (ìêì): 0.25
- Ðàçú¸ì: Socket 8
- Êîðïóñ: 387-êîíòàêòíûé SPGA
[ïðàâèòü] Ññûëêè
| Ïðîöåññîðû Intel | |
|---|---|
| Áîëüøå íå ïðîèçâîäÿòñÿ |
4 áèòà: 4004 4040 8 áèò: 8008 8080 8085 x86-16 (16 áèò): 8086 8088 80186 80188 80286 x86-32/IA-32 (32 áèòà): 80386 80486 Pentium (OverDrive Pro II II OverDrive III 4 M) Celeron (M D) Core Intel A100/A110 x86-64/EM64T (64 áèòà): Pentium 4 (íåêîòîðûå) Pentium D Pentium EE Celeron D (íåêîòîðûå) IA-64 (64 áèòà): Itanium Äðóãèå: iAPX 432 RISC: i860 i960 StrongARM XScale |
| Àêòóàëüíûå | |
| Ñïèñêè | |
| Ìèêðîàðõèòåêòóðû | |
| P5 | |
| P6 | |
| NetBurst |
180 íì: Willamette Foster 130 íì: Northwood Gallatin Prestonia 90 íì: Tejas è Jayhawk Prescott Smithfield Nocona Irwindale Cranford Potomac Paxville 65 íì: Cedar Mill Presler Dempsey Tulsa |
| Core | |
| Bonnell |
45 íì: Silverthorne Diamondville Pineview Lincroft |
| Nehalem |
45 íì: Clarksfield Lynnfield Jasper Forest Bloomfield Gainestown (Nehalem-EP) Beckton (Nehalem-EX) 32 íì (Westmere): Arrandale Clarkdale Gulftown (Westmere-EP) |
| Sandy Bridge |
32 íì: Sandy Bridge |
| Áóäóùèå | |