URL
(. URL Uniform Resource Locator) ( ) . - «URL» /ɜː(ɹ)l/, - [--́], [--] [] (). Universal Resource Locator . URL .
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URL - 1990 (. Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire, CERN) , . URL . URL ( ) . URL . URL RFC 1738, RFC 1630. URL URI, URL URI. URL IETF .
[] URL
URL . ASCII ( , URL). , URL:
<>://<>:<>@<>:<>/<URL>?<>#<>
:
- ;
- ,
- DNS IP- , ; 0 255.
- URL-
- ; .
- ( GET) . &. : ?_1=_1&_2=_2&3=_3
- «», () . AJAX JavaScript , -. Google , ! [1].
[] () URL
() URL :
- ftp FTP
- http HTTP
- https HTTP, ( , SSL TLS)
- gopher Gopher
- mailto
- news Usenet
- nntp Usenet NNTP
- irc IRC
- prospero Prospero Directory Service
- telnet Telnet
- wais WAIS
- xmpp XMPP ( Jabber)
- file
- data (Data: URL)
URL:
- afs Andrew File System
- cid MIME
- mid
- mailserver
- nfs NFS
- tn3270 Telnet 3270
- z39.50 ANSI Z39.50
- skype Skype
- smsto SMS
- ed2k eDonkey, P2P
- market Android
[] URL
URL . URL , , ASCII: , . URL , , , , , .
/
URL :
/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82
: (UTF-8) , :
D0 9C %D0%9C D0 B8 %D0%B8 D0 BA %D0%BA D1 80 %D1%80, . .
, URL[3], (%) «percentencoding», URL URI.
, URL :
| ! | " | #[4] | % | &[4] | ' | * | ,[4] | :[4] | ;[4] | < | > | ?[4] | [ | ] | ^ | ` | { | | | } | <> |
| %21 | %22 | %23 | %25 | %26 | %27 | %2a | %2c | %3a | %3b | %3c | %3e | %3f | %5b | %5d | %5e | %60 | %7b | %7c | %7d | %20[5] |
, , W3C ISOC. IRI (. International Resource Identifier) , , . , IRI URL ( URI ).
[] PURL
URL . , URL , . , . PURL (. Persistent Uniform Resource Locator). URL, , PURL, , , URL . PURL . , . .
[] URL
/URL http://en.wikipedia.org:80/Special:Search?search=train&go=Go ftp://myname:mypass@myhost.com:21/etc/motd prospero://myhost.dom//pros/somename file://vms.myhost.edu/disk$user/my/notes/note123.txt
[] .
[]
- GoogleCode: AJAX Crawling (.)
- - . (2009-10-14 19:05). 25 2011. 11 2010.
- RFC 2396 2.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 ,
- , MediaWiki %20, «_». «+».
